电子学
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电子学
新立得中有很多工具,你可以用它们来设计模拟,数字或者是径向流电路。gEDA是一套用于设计,仿真电路的组件工具。PCB是用来设计pcb版图布局的工具。gnucap可以用来做仿真,而gWave则可以显示仿真后的波形。gEDA包含很丰富的关于各组件的文档,我这里就不再介绍这些组件。这些文档可以安装使用或者点击下面链接: http://geda.seul.org/wiki/
安装
以下的软件可以通过新立得中的电子学(Universe)来安装,或者通过添加/删除(它们包含在教育类的列表:
- gEDA - 原理图设计和仿真
- PCB - 印刷电路版布局设计
- gWave - 显示电路仿真波形
- gnucap - 电路模拟仿真
设置
当你安装完gEDA后,以下这些修改使系统更容易使用。 ~/.gEDA/gafrc
(component-library "${HOME}/.gEDA/gschem-sym") ; user library path
这仅仅是让系统指向用户指定的元件符号,如果你不定义自己的器件符号,那么就不用更改。如果你下载了任何器件符号,你同样可以把它们放在这里。 ~/.gEDA/gschemrc
(log-window "later") ; disable status window on startup (image-color "disabled") ; for monochromoe PNG output (load (string-append gedadatarc "/gschem-lightbg")) ; light background (load (string-append gedadata "/scheme/auto-uref.scm")) ; load the autonumbering script (add-hook! add-component-hook auto-uref) ; autonumber when adding a component (add-hook! copy-component-hook auto-uref) ; autonumber when copying a component
第一个选项去掉那些讨厌的启动对话窗口。第二个选项保持打印输出是黑白的,个人认为这更方便于阅读。屏幕上黑色的背景更容易看,但我更喜欢亮的背景。如果你想要黑色背景则忽略第三个选项。最后一个选项是启动自动编号,当你添加元件的时候,将会自动给它们编上参考的名称。 ~/.gEDA/gnetlistrc
(component-library "${HOME}/.gEDA/gschem-sym") ; user library path (debug-options (list 'stack 200000)) ; to prevent stack overflow (eval-options (list 'stack 200000)) ; to prevent stack overflow
须要相同的用户路径,其他选项要指定最大的元件数量以防溢出错误。 ~/.gEDA/project/attribs
value refdes Mfr Mfr_PN Vendor Vendor_PN
如果你要求gentlist产生一个元件清单(BOM),会得到一个属性列表。在每个工程里,如果你希望获得一个工程的元件清单(BOM),则该列表必须包含在工程目录里
电路设计
gEDA的使用很简单,你只需在对话框上点击你想要的器件,再点击你打算在电路图上摆放它们的位置。在Windows下的设计应用程序中,你通过‘电线’来连接这些元件,而在gEDA下,它们被称为‘网络’。当你在工具栏中点击与门标志,就会显示‘元件选择’对话框。我不太了解那些对话框底部的选项列表的内容,我没有发现默认设置有任何的问题。我只知道第三个选项的功能就如它所说那样,元件所有的引脚和部件都可以选择或者修改。点击工具栏上的蓝线激活‘网络’功能,之后你可以用它来连接元件。当你完成电路图设计时,你可以用gattrib来检查和修改元件属性或者用gnetlist来生成SPICE的网表或者清单列表。这之后,你不仅可以用gnucap来仿真也可以用PCB来布置电路板。gEDA文档会告诉你如何把gschem文件转换成pcb布局文件。
仿真
你最好阅读那些文档,我在7.10的软件库中找不到SPICE,只能找到oregano,而gnucap是一个不同类型的仿真引擎。
地位级图
- AmateurRadio - 一般信息
- AmateurRadio/Sitemap - 相关网页列表