“UbuntuHelp:Dnsmasq”的版本间的差异
来自Ubuntu中文
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{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Dnsmasq}} | {{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Dnsmasq}} | ||
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Dnsmasq}} | {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Dnsmasq}} | ||
| − | == | + | == Introduction == |
| − | + | DNSmasq provides two services, either of which can be used independently. | |
| − | + | * DNS service | |
| − | + | * DHCP service (including features relating to network boot) | |
| − | + | A local DNS cache can speed up internet browsing because your browser will not need to go to another server, or across the internet, when it looks up a domain name you've used before, e.g. google.com | |
| − | + | DHCP allows your computer to allocate network addresses to other computers on your wired or wireless network. A computer needs a network address in order to do things like access the internet. | |
| − | + | DNSmasq does not do "Internet Connection Sharing" however it does do a lot of the hard work needed in the background. With DNSmasq set up, only two additional commands can set up internet connection sharing (ref?). | |
| − | + | Note that the package "dnsmasq" interferes with Network Manager which can use "dnsmasq-base" to provide DHCP services when sharing an internet connection. Therefore, if you use network manager (fine in simple set-ups only), then install dnsmasq-base, but not dnsmasq. If you have a more complicated set-up, uninstall network manager, use dnsmasq, or similar software (bind9, dhcpd, etc), and configure things by hand. | |
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=== Setup for dnsmasq === | === Setup for dnsmasq === | ||
Like much of the Ubuntu packages, dnsmasq is in universe. Make sure its enabled, then run these commands | Like much of the Ubuntu packages, dnsmasq is in universe. Make sure its enabled, then run these commands | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
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sudo apt-get install dnsmasq | sudo apt-get install dnsmasq | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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/etc/dnsmasq.conf | /etc/dnsmasq.conf | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
| − | + | but for many people, the default (or empty) file will provide a good DNS cache system. | |
| − | + | === Special Cases === | |
| − | + | * On a LAN, e.g. business or university. You do not want to provide name service or DHCP for a thousand colleagues, so add the line: | |
| − | + | <code><nowiki>except-interface=eth0</nowiki></code> if eth0 is your internet/LAN connected interface. | |
| − | + | * Add DHCP server: | |
| − | + | <code><nowiki>dhcp-range=192.168.0.20,192.168.0.254,255.255.255.0</nowiki></code> | |
| − | + | This range must not clash with your LAN IP address. | |
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| − | </nowiki></ | + | |
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| − | </nowiki></ | + | |
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Save and exit the file, restart the daemon and you should be running. | Save and exit the file, restart the daemon and you should be running. | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| − | sudo | + | sudo invoke-rc.d dnsmasq restart |
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
| − | + | DNSmasq is now listening on some interfaces for DNS lookups and/or DHCP requests. You can verify this by running: | |
| − | + | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| − | + | netstat -ltp | |
| + | # -l = listen, -t = tcp, -p = show program name | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
| − | to /etc/ | + | You can add the line: |
| + | <code><nowiki>nameserver 127.0.0.1</nowiki></code> to the top of your /etc/resolv.conf file to use the local DNS cache first. | ||
| + | Alternatively, the package '''resolvconf''' sorts all this out automatically. | ||
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[[category:CategoryNetworking]] | [[category:CategoryNetworking]] | ||
[[category:UbuntuHelp]] | [[category:UbuntuHelp]] | ||
2009年5月12日 (二) 16:28的版本
Introduction
DNSmasq provides two services, either of which can be used independently.
- DNS service
- DHCP service (including features relating to network boot)
A local DNS cache can speed up internet browsing because your browser will not need to go to another server, or across the internet, when it looks up a domain name you've used before, e.g. google.com DHCP allows your computer to allocate network addresses to other computers on your wired or wireless network. A computer needs a network address in order to do things like access the internet. DNSmasq does not do "Internet Connection Sharing" however it does do a lot of the hard work needed in the background. With DNSmasq set up, only two additional commands can set up internet connection sharing (ref?). Note that the package "dnsmasq" interferes with Network Manager which can use "dnsmasq-base" to provide DHCP services when sharing an internet connection. Therefore, if you use network manager (fine in simple set-ups only), then install dnsmasq-base, but not dnsmasq. If you have a more complicated set-up, uninstall network manager, use dnsmasq, or similar software (bind9, dhcpd, etc), and configure things by hand.
Setup for dnsmasq
Like much of the Ubuntu packages, dnsmasq is in universe. Make sure its enabled, then run these commands
sudo apt-get install dnsmasq
dnsmasq can be configured by editing the file
/etc/dnsmasq.conf
but for many people, the default (or empty) file will provide a good DNS cache system.
Special Cases
- On a LAN, e.g. business or university. You do not want to provide name service or DHCP for a thousand colleagues, so add the line:
except-interface=eth0 if eth0 is your internet/LAN connected interface.
- Add DHCP server:
dhcp-range=192.168.0.20,192.168.0.254,255.255.255.0
This range must not clash with your LAN IP address.
Save and exit the file, restart the daemon and you should be running.
sudo invoke-rc.d dnsmasq restart
DNSmasq is now listening on some interfaces for DNS lookups and/or DHCP requests. You can verify this by running:
netstat -ltp # -l = listen, -t = tcp, -p = show program name
You can add the line:
nameserver 127.0.0.1 to the top of your /etc/resolv.conf file to use the local DNS cache first.
Alternatively, the package resolvconf sorts all this out automatically.
