特殊:Badtitle/NS100:AutomaticSecurityUpdates/zh：修订间差异

2009年9月14日 (一) 00:18的版本

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{{#if: | {{{2}}} | https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticSecurityUpdates }}

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{{#ifeq:UbuntuHelp:AutomaticSecurityUpdates|:AutomaticSecurityUpdates/zh|请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。}}

{{#ifexist: :AutomaticSecurityUpdates/zh/zh | | {{#ifexist: AutomaticSecurityUpdates/zh/zh | | {{#ifeq: {{#titleparts:AutomaticSecurityUpdates/zh|1|-1|}} | zh | | }} }} }} {{#ifeq: {{#titleparts:AutomaticSecurityUpdates/zh|1|-1|}} | zh | | }}

title 自动进行安全更新

简介

这是一个简单的指导，它教你创建一个脚本或cron任务而获得本地或外部的安全更新，并安装，他会自动在后台执行。在运行一个没有超级版本时总会有安全隐患，但如果你认为这些对你无关，那么你能按照以下的指导。

使用 apt.conf.d

当你在使用 GNOME ，在“系统”菜单，“系统管理”，“软件源”中，打开“更新”选项卡并选择“自动更新”，也把“安装安全更新时不需确认”。你也可以通过命令行来配置 unattended-upgrades 包，简单的改变你的/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic :

APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";
APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages "1";
APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval "0";
APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";

和 /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades:

// Automatically upgrade packages from these (origin, archive) pairs
Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins {
        "Ubuntu intrepid-security";
};

IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconNote.png Note: 使用这个方法需要你每次更新系统到新版本时都要修改 /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic 和 /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades 。务必确认用当前系统的代号去替换 intrepid ！

使用 cron

操作指南

首先，按 Alt+F2 并创建一个新文件:

gksudo gedit /etc/cron.weekly/apt-security-updates

如果你是用 KDE, 用下面的命令代替:

kdesudo kate /etc/cron.weekly/apt-security-updates

复制以下文本到这个新文件，保存并退出:

#! /bin/sh
echo "**************" >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
date >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
aptitude update >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
aptitude safe-upgrade -o Aptitude::Delete-Unused=false --assume-yes --target-release `lsb_release -cs`-security >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
echo "Security updates (if any) installed"

最近（从 Ubuntu 7.10 以来），不推荐使用 aptitude 的 'upgrade' 操作。有两中方法去升级，其中安全的一种（传统的，如果有一个更新需要添加或删除依赖，它将不更新）和另一种全部更新（它将总是升级，甚至添加它或删除它会影响到其他包的，之前称为'dist-upgrade' ）。这些操作现在是'safe-upgrade' 或 'full-upgrade'。详细请查看 aptitude (man aptitude) 的帮助。当你完成前面的步骤，你还要让这个文件有执行权限。在终端输入下面一行：

sudo chmod +x /etc/cron.weekly/apt-security-updates

Post-Install Setup and Execution Information

This script will run once weekly and it installs all available packages from the security repository. It also generates a log in ~-/var/log/apt-security-updates-~ for later inspection in case something goes wrong. This script will output information to a log file, so to prevent this log file from getting too large we need to make sure it gets rotated out. To do this, we'll use the ~-logrotate-~ utility, which comes with Ubuntu. Press Alt+F2 and type this command:

gksudo gedit /etc/logrotate.d/apt-security-updates

For KDE, use this command instead:

kdesudo kate /etc/logrotate.d/apt-security-updates

Paste this into the editor, save, and exit:

/var/log/apt-security-updates {
        rotate 2
        weekly
        size 250k
        compress
        notifempty
}

This will rotate the log file every week (`weekly`), or if it's over 250kB in size (`size 250k`), compressing old versions (`compress`). The previous two log files will be kept (`rotate 2`), and no rotation will occur if the file is empty (`notifempty`).

Using cron-apt to handle automatic updating

Updating can be also done automatically by using package called cron-apt. Please read man page before doing anything.

@@ 第1行： / 第1行： @@
 {{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticSecurityUpdates}}
 {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:AutomaticSecurityUpdates}}
-== 信息 ==
+#title 自动进行安全更新
+=== 简介 ===
+这是一个简单的指导，它教你创建一个脚本或cron任务而获得本地或外部的安全更新，并安装，他会自动在后台执行。在运行一个没有超级版本时总会有安全隐患，但如果你认为这些对你无关，那么你能按照以下的指导。
+=== 使用 apt.conf.d ===
+当你在使用 GNOME ，在“系统”菜单，“系统管理”，“软件源”中，打开“更新”选项卡并选择“自动更新”，也把“安装安全更新时不需确认”。
+你也可以通过命令行来配置 <code><nowiki>unattended-upgrades</nowiki></code> 包，简单的改变你的'''''/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic''''' :
+<pre><nowiki>
+APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";
+APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages "1";
+APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval "0";
+APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";
+</nowiki></pre>
+和 '''''/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades''''':
+<pre><nowiki>
+// Automatically upgrade packages from these (origin, archive) pairs
+Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins {
+        "Ubuntu intrepid-security";
+};
+</nowiki></pre>
+https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconNote.png '''Note:''' 使用这个方法需要你每次更新系统到新版本时都要修改 /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic 和 /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades 。务必确认用当前系统的代号去替换 '''intrepid''' ！
+=== 使用 cron ===
+==== 操作指南 ====
+首先，按 Alt+F2 并创建一个新文件:
+<pre><nowiki>
+gksudo gedit /etc/cron.weekly/apt-security-updates
+</nowiki></pre>
+如果你是用 KDE, 用下面的命令代替:
+<pre><nowiki>
+kdesudo kate /etc/cron.weekly/apt-security-updates
+</nowiki></pre>
+复制以下文本到这个新文件，保存并退出:
+<pre><nowiki>
+#! /bin/sh
+echo "**************" >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
+date >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
+aptitude update >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
+aptitude safe-upgrade -o Aptitude::Delete-Unused=false --assume-yes --target-release `lsb_release -cs`-security >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
+echo "Security updates (if any) installed"
+</nowiki></pre>
+最近（从 Ubuntu 7.10 以来），不推荐使用 aptitude 的 'upgrade' 操作。有两中方法去升级，其中安全的一种（传统的，如果有一个更新需要添加或删除依赖，它将不更新）和另一种全部更新（它将总是升级，甚至添加它或删除它会影响到其他包的，之前称为'dist-upgrade' ）。这些操作现在是'safe-upgrade' 或 'full-upgrade'。详细请查看 aptitude (<code><nowiki>man aptitude</nowiki></code>) 的帮助。
+当你完成前面的步骤，你还要让这个文件有执行权限。在终端输入下面一行：
+<pre><nowiki>
+sudo chmod +x /etc/cron.weekly/apt-security-updates
+</nowiki></pre>
+==== Post-Install Setup and Execution Information ====
+This script will run once weekly and it installs all available packages from the security repository. It also generates a log in ~-/var/log/apt-security-updates-~ for later inspection in case something goes wrong.
+This script will output information to a log file, so to prevent this log file from getting too large we need to make sure it gets rotated out.  To do this, we'll use the ~-logrotate-~ utility, which comes with Ubuntu.  Press Alt+F2 and type this command:
+<pre><nowiki>
+gksudo gedit /etc/logrotate.d/apt-security-updates
+</nowiki></pre>
+For KDE, use this command instead:
+<pre><nowiki>
+kdesudo kate /etc/logrotate.d/apt-security-updates
+</nowiki></pre>
+Paste this into the editor, save, and exit:
+<pre><nowiki>
+/var/log/apt-security-updates {
+        rotate 2
+        weekly
+        size 250k
+        compress
+        notifempty
+}
+</nowiki></pre>
+This will rotate the log file every week (`weekly`), or if it's over 250kB in size (`size 250k`), compressing old versions (`compress`).  The previous two log files will be kept (`rotate 2`), and no rotation will occur if the file is empty (`notifempty`).
+==== Using cron-apt to handle automatic updating ====
+Updating can be also done automatically by using package called [http://packages.ubuntu.com/intrepid/cron-apt cron-apt]. Please read man page before doing anything.
+----
+[[category:CategorySecurity]]
-这是一个简单的指导，它教你创建一个脚本或cron任务而获得本地或外部的安全更新，并安装，他会自动在后台执行。在运行一个没有超级版本时总会有安全隐患，但如果你认为这些对你无关，那么你能按照以下的指导
+[[category:UbuntuHelp]]
-== 指导 ==
-通过文件编辑工具创建一个新文件。在ubuntu/gnome环境下可用gedit，在kubuntu/KDE环境下可用Kade ,或其他你会用的可以用来凭借命令行的文件编辑工具。给你创建的文件命名为“-apt-security-updates-”然后放置在~-/etc/cron.weekly/-~目录下。把下列文本输入到~-apt-security-updates-~ 文件中
- #! /bin/sh
- echo "**************" >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
- date >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
- aptitude update >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
- aptitude upgrade -o Aptitude::Delete-Unused=false --assume-yes --target-release dapper-security >>   /var/log/apt-security-updates
- echo "Security updates (if any) installed"
-取决于你的Ubuntu发行版，用你的发行版取代"dapper"例如"edgy"
-一旦你完成，你想使文件对root可执行。那么通过下面的命令行或终端输入下面的内容：
- sudo chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx /etc/cron.weekly/apt-security-updates
-== 安装／设置／执行信息 ==
-这个脚本将会每周执行，他的安装程序将会从安全库获得包，它同时会在~-/var/log/apt-security-updates-~产生一个日志，以便日后发生错误时检查