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“KDE”的版本间的差异

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(新页面: {{ Infobox_Software | name = K Desktop Environment | logo = 40px | screenshot = 250px | caption ...)
 
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{{ Infobox_Software
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KDE 是个开发自由软件的团队,这里主要是讲这个团队的作品 [http://userbase.kde.org/What_is_KDE KDE SC 桌面环境],包括[http://userbase.kde.org/Kwin Kwin窗口管理器][http://userbase.kde.org/Plasma Plasma桌面]等等。这里是新版 KDE SC 4系,需要老版 KDE 3 系,参考[[KDE3]]。
| name                  = K Desktop Environment
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| logo                  = [[Image:KDE_logo.svg|40px]]
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| screenshot            = [[Image:Kde35.png|250px]]
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| caption                = KDE 3.5 的畫面,個人資訊管理員 Kontact 和 Konqueror 瀏覽器正在執行中
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| developer              = The KDE Team
+
| latest_release_version  = 3.5.7
+
| latest_release_date      = [[2007年]][[5月22日]]
+
| operating_system      = [[跨平台]]
+
| genre                  = [[Desktop environment]]
+
| license                = [[GNU General Public License]] and others
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| website                = http://www.kde.org/
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}}
+
  
'''{{lang|en|KDE}}''',K桌面环境('''{{lang|en|K}}''' '''{{lang|en|D}}'''{{lang|en|esktop}} '''{{lang|en|E}}'''{{lang|en|nvironment}})的缩写。{{lang|en|KDE}}是一种著名的运行于[[UNIX|{{lang|en|UNIX}}]]以及[[Linux|{{lang|en|Linux}}]]、[[FreeBSD|{{lang|en|FreeBSD}}]]等[[類Unix]][[操作系统]]上面的自由[[图形工作环境]],整个系统采用的都是[[TrollTech|{{lang|en|TrollTech}}]]公司所开发的[[Qt|{{lang|en|Qt}}]]程序库。{{lang|en|KDE}}和[[GNOME]]都是{{lang|en|Linux}}操作系统上最流行的桌面环境系统。
+
==KDE 4.5 Ubuntu 注意事项==
 +
KDE 4.5 SC 由 [http://kde.org KDE 社区]开发,Ubuntu由 Canonical 公司和自由软件社区开发,[http://Kubuntu.org Kubuntu] 由 Kubuntu社区开发,与 Canonical 公司无关,属于衍生版,Canonical 公司不对 Kubuntu负责。
  
== 歷史 ==
+
Kubuntu在Ubuntu的基础上剔除GNOME,换用了KDE,其与Ubuntu发布周期和支持平台一样。
{{lang|en|KDE}} 是由[[德國]]人 {{lang|de|[[Mathias Ettrich]]}} 於[[1996年]]開始的一個計劃。當年就讀於[[图宾根大學]]時,由於對 {{lang|en|UNIX}} 桌面的不滿,所以決心開發一個易於使用及更人性化的桌面系統。{{lang|en|KDE}} 桌面系統使用了 {{lang|en|Qt}} 程式庫,很快地他和其他志願開發人員於[[1997年]]初發佈了第一個較大型及有規模的 {{lang|en|KDE}} 版本。
+
  
雖然 {{lang|en|KDE}} 是免費的 [[开放源代码|开放源軟體]],但使用了非自由的 {{lang|en|Qt}} 程序库,有很多人擔心日後會出現版權上的問題。由此,一些人開始了另一個开放源的桌面計劃—— {{lang|en|Gnome}}。慶幸地,於[[1998年]][[11月]],{{lang|en|Qt}} 程序库所屬的公司發([[Trolltech]])佈了第一個以开放源許可([[QPL|{{lang|en|QPL}}]])的 {{lang|en|Qt}} 程序库授權。可是,還有很多人爭議 {{lang|en|QPL}} 無法滿足 [[GNU通用公共许可证 |GPL]] 執照上的條款。因此 [[Red Hat]] 公司一直無法將 KDE 成為預設畫面,而 [[Mandrake Linux]](Mandriva Linux)則趁起機會以 KDE 襲捲歐洲市場;直到[[2000年]][[9月]],一個以 {{lang|en|GPL}} 發佈的 {{lang|en|UNIX}} 版本的 {{lang|en|Qt}} 程序库發佈後,大部份用戶才對 {{lang|en|KDE}} 產生信心。
+
(K)Ubuntu 10.04 的KDE 4.4.x 系列软件包放在 Ubuntu源中,KDE 4.5.x系列将放在 PPA源中。要安装最新版KDE,请先把系统、ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports和ppa:kubuntu-ppa/ppa更新到最新。
 +
<pre>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports</pre>
 +
<pre>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/ppa</pre>
 +
<pre>sudo apt-get update</pre>
 +
<pre>sudo apt-get upgrade</pre>
  
==应用程序==
+
==安装 KDE 4.5==
 +
===安装全套的KDE SC===
 +
<pre>sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop</pre>
 +
kubuntu-desktop这个包关联的所有包可以在[http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid/kubuntu-desktop 这里]查到。
  
*[[Konqueror|{{lang|en|Konqueror}}]]([[档案管理与网页浏览器]])
+
===最小化安装===
*[[amaroK|{{lang|en|amaroK}}]]([[音乐播放器]])
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<pre>sudo apt-get install kde-minimal </pre>
*[[Gwenview|{{lang|en|Gwenview}}]]([[图像浏览器]])
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中途会让你选择登陆管理器(GDM或KDM),依旧选择GDM,后续可以自己改。
*[[Kaffeine|{{lang|en|Kaffeine}}]]([[多媒體播放器]])
+
*[[Kate|{{lang|en|Kate}}]]([[文本编辑器]])
+
*[[Kopete|{{lang|en|Kopete}}]]([[即时通讯软件]])
+
*[[KOffice|{{lang|en|KOffice}}]]([[辦公軟件套件]])
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*[[Kontact|{{lang|en|Kontact}}]]([[个人信息管理软件]])
+
*[[KMail|{{lang|en|KMail}}]]([[电子邮件客户端]])
+
*[[Konsole|{{lang|en|Konsole}}]]([[终端模拟器]])
+
*[[K3B|{{lang|en|K3B}}]]([[光盘烧录软件]])
+
*[[KDevelop|{{lang|en|KDevelop}}]]([[集成开发环境]])
+
  
==发行版==
+
===简体中文===
 +
<pre>sudo apt-get install language-pack-kde-zh-hans-base</pre>
 +
System Settings -> Regional & Language -> Add Language -> Simplified Chinese
  
===执行{{lang|en|KDE}}的{{lang|en|Linux}}发行版===
+
离线下载地址:[http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/l/language-pack-kde-zh-hans-base/ 这里]
  
*{{lang|en|Ark Linux}}
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===繁体中文===
*{{lang|en|Aurox}}
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<pre>sudo apt-get install language-pack-kde-zh-hant-base</pre>
*{{lang|en|Conectiva Linux}}
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*{{lang|en|Debian GNU/Linux}}
+
*{{lang|en|Fedora Core}}
+
*{{lang|en|Gentoo Linux}}
+
*{{lang|en|Kubuntu KGX}}
+
*{{lang|en|Libranet Linux}}
+
*{{lang|en|Linspire}}
+
*{{lang|en|Lycoris}}
+
*{{lang|en|Magic Linux}}
+
*{{lang|en|Mandriva Linux}}
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*{{lang|en|Novell Linux}}
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*{{lang|en|Slackware Linux}}
+
*{{lang|en|SOT Linux}}
+
*{{lang|en|SUSE Linux}}
+
*{{lang|en|Turbolinux}}
+
*{{lang|en|Xandros}}
+
*{{lang|en|Yellow Dog Linux}}
+
  
===执行{{lang|en|KDE}}的{{lang|en|BSD}}发行版===
+
==启动KDE==
 +
注销出去,选择会话:KDE,登陆。
 +
===配置===
 +
====音频,视频播放====
 +
<pre>sudo apt-get install kubuntu-restricted-extras</pre>
 +
系统设置 -> 多媒体 -> 把PulseAudio调到最上方(不这样做,容易导致声卡独占只有一个程序能发声或是各种莫名其妙的Amarok问题)。
  
*{{lang|en|FreeBSD}}
+
====openoffice.org的kde整合====
*{{lang|en|NetBSD}}
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install openoffice.org-kde</pre>
*{{lang|en|OpenBSD}}
+
  
===执行{{lang|en|KDE}}的{{lang|en|UNIX}}发行版===
+
<pre>警告:openoffice.org-kde 对ibus输入法支持有严重的问题,ibus-qt4/ibus-gtk模块都不能正常加载,要使用ibus,只能使用老式的xim模块
 +
(ibus-daemon启动时加上-x选项)。但是,通过xim加载的ibus是无法在在openoffice中光标跟随的!
 +
  不建议安装openoffice.org-kde,最好还是安装使用openoffice.org-gnome。注意,如果同时安装了这两个软件,默认在kde下会使用openoffice.org-kde。
 +
可以添加环境变量"export OOO_FORCE_DESKTOP=gnome"启用gnome界面的openoffice。或者完全卸载openoffice.org-kde。</pre>
  
*{{lang|en|IBM AIX®}}
+
====调整GTK/GNOME程序的外观====
*{{lang|en|Sun Solaris®}}
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install  qtcurve gtk-chtheme</pre>
  
== 外部链接 ==
+
====处理混乱的菜单====
 +
一个系统内同时安装GNOME2和KDE4出现最大的问题就是菜单里程序的混乱。
 +
安装[http://gtk-apps.org/content/show.php?action=content&content=73515 Gnome Menu Extended]
 +
[http://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/K+Menu+Gnome+%28Debian+package%29?content=31031&PHPSESSID=f1b95b334402a1de9ed27ac37faf0c91 K Menu Gnome]
  
*[http://www.kdecn.org/ {{lang|en|KDE}}中国的官方网站]
+
====字体和输入法====
*[http://kde.linux.org.tw/ {{lang|en|KDE}}台灣官方網站]
+
[[字体]] [[:Category:中文]]
*[http://www.kdecn.org/info/faq.php {{lang|en|KDE}}常见问题]
+
  
[[Category:桌面环境]]
+
==KDM(KDE 桌面管理器)==
 +
<pre>sudo dpkg-reconfigure kdm</pre>
  
[[als:KDE]]
+
==其他KDE组件==
[[ar:كي دي إي]]
+
===必备===
[[bg:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install kmix #音量调节-混音器,可能需要取消禁音。</pre>
[[bn:কেডিই]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install ksnapshot  #截图工具</pre>
[[bs:KDE]]
+
 
[[ca:KDE]]
+
===美工===
[[cs:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo #开机画面</pre>
[[da:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install oxygen-icon-theme-complete  #其他Oxygen图标</pre>
[[de:K Desktop Environment]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install oxygen-cursor-theme #Oxygen主题鼠标指针</pre>
[[el:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install oxygen-cursor-theme-extra #其他颜色的Oxygen主题鼠标指针</pre>
[[en:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install kde-wallpapers-default kde-wallpapers #更多壁纸</pre>
[[eo:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install plasma-wallpapers-addons #更多壁纸插件</pre>
[[es:KDE]]
+
 
[[eu:KDE]]
+
=== 部件===
[[fa:میز کار کی‌دی‌ای]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install plasma-widget-smooth-tasks #smooth-tasks任务栏</pre>
[[fi:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install plasma-widget-lancelot #Lancelot程序启动器</pre>
[[fr:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install plasma-widget-kimpanel #输入法面板</pre>
[[gl:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install plasma-widgets-addons #更多Plasma部件(包括“显示桌面”)</pre>
[[he:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install plasma-runners-addons #更多KRunner插件</pre>
[[hr:KDE]]
+
===桌面===
[[hu:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install plasma-netbook #上网本界面</pre>
[[id:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get install plasma-wallpapers-addons  #天气壁纸</pre>
[[it:KDE]]
+
 
[[ja:KDE]]
+
==软件包管理工具 muon==
[[ko:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo add-apt-repository ppa:echidnaman/qapt
[[ku:KDE]]
+
 
[[lb:K Desktop Environment]]
+
sudo apt-get update
[[lt:KDE]]
+
 
[[mk:KDE]]
+
sudo apt-get install muon software-properties-kde</pre>
[[nds:K Desktop Environment]]
+
 
[[nl:KDE]]
+
==卸载==
[[nn:KDE]]
+
10.04版本,卸载Kubuntu返回纯净的Ubuntu。
[[no:K Desktop Environment]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get remove akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark cdrdao dolphin dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint freespacenotifier gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk2-engines-qtcurve gwenview hpijs-ppds ibus-qt4 icoutils ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kbluetooth kcalc kcm-gtk kcm-touchpad kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-workspace kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-groupware kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdesudo kdm kfind khelpcenter4 klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knm-runtime knotes konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konsole kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer kpackagekit kppp krdc krfb krosspython ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-debug-installer kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kubuntu-notification-helper kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libattica0 libaudio2 libboost-program-options1.40.0 libclucene0ldbl libdbusmenu-qt2 libepub0 libexiv2-6 libflac++6 libibus-qt1 libindicate-qt0 libiodbc2 libk3b6 libkcddb4 libkdcraw8 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkephal4 libkexiv2-8 libkfontinst4 libkipi7 libkleo4 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkonqsidebarplugin4 libkopete4 libkpgp4 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksieve4 libksignalplotter4 libkwineffects1 libkworkspace4 liblastfm0 libmimelib4 libmng1 libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libmsn0.3 libmysqlclient16 libokularcore1 libotr2 libpackagekit-glib2-12 libpackagekit-qt-12 libphonon4 libplasma-applet-system-monitor4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4 libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-0 libpoppler-qt4-3 libprocesscore4 libprocessui4 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqimageblitz4 libqt4-assistant libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libsolidcontrol4 libsolidcontrolifaces4 libsoprano4 libssh-4 libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libtag-extras1 libtaskmanager4 libvncserver0 libweather-ion4 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libzip1 mysql-client-core-5.1 mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.1 network-manager-kde okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-style-oxygen oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme oxygen-icon-theme-complete packagekit packagekit-backend-apt phonon phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-kimpanel-backend-ibus plasma-widget-kubuntu-feedback plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-quickaccess plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo polkit-kde-1 printer-applet python-kde4 python-packagekit python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip quassel quassel-data shared-desktop-ontologies software-properties-kde soprano-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings ttf-dejavu ttf-dejavu-extra update-manager-kde usb-creator-kde userconfig virtuoso-nepomuk && sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop</pre>
[[pl:KDE]]
+
卸载Kubuntu,返回Xubuntu。
[[pt:KDE]]
+
<pre>sudo apt-get remove akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark brltty cdrdao dolphin dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint freespacenotifier gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk2-engines-qtcurve gwenview hpijs-ppds ibus-qt4 icoutils ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kbluetooth kcalc kcm-gtk kcm-touchpad kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-workspace kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-groupware kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdesudo kdm kfind khelpcenter4 klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knm-runtime knotes konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konsole kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer kpackagekit kppp krdc krfb krosspython ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-debug-installer kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kubuntu-notification-helper kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libattica0 libaudio2 libboost-program-options1.40.0 libclucene0ldbl libdbusmenu-qt2 libepub0 libexiv2-6 libflac++6 libgif4 libgpgme11 libgpod-common libgpod4 libgraphite3 libhyphen0 libibus-qt1 libical0 libindicate-qt0 libiodbc2 libk3b6 libkcddb4 libkdcraw8 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkephal4 libkexiv2-8 libkfontinst4 libkipi7 libkleo4 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkonqsidebarplugin4 libkopete4 libkpgp4 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksieve4 libksignalplotter4 libkwineffects1 libkworkspace4 liblastfm0 libmimelib4 libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libmsn0.3 libmtp8 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient16 libneon27-gnutls libokularcore1 libpackagekit-glib2-12 libpackagekit-qt-12 libphonon4 libplasma-applet-system-monitor4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4 libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-0 libpoppler-qt4-3 libprocesscore4 libprocessui4 libpth20 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqimageblitz4 libqt4-assistant libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libraptor1 librasqal2 librdf0 libsolidcontrol4 libsolidcontrolifaces4 libsoprano4 libssh-4 libstlport4.6ldbl libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libtag-extras1 libtaskmanager4 libvncserver0 libweather-ion4 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libzip1 mysql-client-core-5.1 mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.1 network-manager-kde okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-galaxy openoffice.org-style-oxygen openoffice.org-writer oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme oxygen-icon-theme-complete packagekit packagekit-backend-apt phonon phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-kimpanel-backend-ibus plasma-widget-kubuntu-feedback plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-quickaccess plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo polkit-kde-1 printer-applet python-kde4 python-packagekit python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip python-uno quassel quassel-data rdesktop shared-desktop-ontologies software-properties-kde soprano-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings ttf-dejavu ttf-dejavu-extra uno-libs3 update-manager-kde ure usb-creator-kde userconfig virtuoso-nepomuk xfonts-mathml && sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop</pre>
[[ro:KDE]]
+
{{Warning|慎用,由于依赖关系,可能会连你的mysql都删掉。}}
[[ru:KDE]]
+
 
[[si:KDE]]
+
== 应用程序  ==
[[simple:KDE]]
+
 
[[sk:KDE]]
+
*[[Amarok|{{lang|en|Amarok}}]](音乐播放器)
[[sl:KDE]]
+
*[[Kate|{{lang|en|Kate}}]](文本编辑器)
[[sv:KDE]]
+
*[[Kontact|{{lang|en|Kontact}}]](个人信息管理软件)
[[th:KDE]]
+
*[[Kmail|{{lang|en|KMail}}]](电子邮件客户端)
[[tr:KDE]]
+
*[[Konsole|{{lang|en|Konsole}}]](终端模拟器)
[[uk:KDE]]
+
 
[[vi:KDE]]
+
==参考==
 +
*[[GNOME]]
 +
*[[Xfce]]
 +
*[[LXDE]]
 +
 
 +
== 外部链接  ==
 +
 
 +
*[http://Userbase.kde.org/ KDE Wiki]  
 +
{{KDE}}
 +
[[Category:桌面环境]]
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[[Category:KDE]]

2013年5月8日 (三) 00:56的最新版本

KDE 是个开发自由软件的团队,这里主要是讲这个团队的作品 KDE SC 桌面环境,包括Kwin窗口管理器Plasma桌面等等。这里是新版 KDE SC 4系,需要老版 KDE 3 系,参考KDE3

KDE 4.5 Ubuntu 注意事项

KDE 4.5 SC 由 KDE 社区开发,Ubuntu由 Canonical 公司和自由软件社区开发,Kubuntu 由 Kubuntu社区开发,与 Canonical 公司无关,属于衍生版,Canonical 公司不对 Kubuntu负责。

Kubuntu在Ubuntu的基础上剔除GNOME,换用了KDE,其与Ubuntu发布周期和支持平台一样。

(K)Ubuntu 10.04 的KDE 4.4.x 系列软件包放在 Ubuntu源中,KDE 4.5.x系列将放在 PPA源中。要安装最新版KDE,请先把系统、ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports和ppa:kubuntu-ppa/ppa更新到最新。

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

安装 KDE 4.5

安装全套的KDE SC

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop

kubuntu-desktop这个包关联的所有包可以在这里查到。

最小化安装

sudo apt-get install kde-minimal 

中途会让你选择登陆管理器(GDM或KDM),依旧选择GDM,后续可以自己改。

简体中文

sudo apt-get install language-pack-kde-zh-hans-base

System Settings -> Regional & Language -> Add Language -> Simplified Chinese

离线下载地址:这里

繁体中文

sudo apt-get install language-pack-kde-zh-hant-base

启动KDE

注销出去,选择会话:KDE,登陆。

配置

音频,视频播放

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-restricted-extras

系统设置 -> 多媒体 -> 把PulseAudio调到最上方(不这样做,容易导致声卡独占只有一个程序能发声或是各种莫名其妙的Amarok问题)。

openoffice.org的kde整合

sudo apt-get install openoffice.org-kde
警告:openoffice.org-kde 对ibus输入法支持有严重的问题,ibus-qt4/ibus-gtk模块都不能正常加载,要使用ibus,只能使用老式的xim模块
(ibus-daemon启动时加上-x选项)。但是,通过xim加载的ibus是无法在在openoffice中光标跟随的!
  不建议安装openoffice.org-kde,最好还是安装使用openoffice.org-gnome。注意,如果同时安装了这两个软件,默认在kde下会使用openoffice.org-kde。
可以添加环境变量"export OOO_FORCE_DESKTOP=gnome"启用gnome界面的openoffice。或者完全卸载openoffice.org-kde。

调整GTK/GNOME程序的外观

sudo apt-get install  qtcurve gtk-chtheme

处理混乱的菜单

一个系统内同时安装GNOME2和KDE4出现最大的问题就是菜单里程序的混乱。 安装Gnome Menu Extended K Menu Gnome

字体和输入法

字体 Category:中文

KDM(KDE 桌面管理器)

sudo dpkg-reconfigure kdm

其他KDE组件

必备

sudo apt-get install kmix #音量调节-混音器,可能需要取消禁音。
sudo apt-get install ksnapshot  #截图工具

美工

sudo apt-get install plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo #开机画面
sudo apt-get install oxygen-icon-theme-complete  #其他Oxygen图标
sudo apt-get install oxygen-cursor-theme #Oxygen主题鼠标指针
sudo apt-get install oxygen-cursor-theme-extra #其他颜色的Oxygen主题鼠标指针
sudo apt-get install kde-wallpapers-default kde-wallpapers #更多壁纸
sudo apt-get install plasma-wallpapers-addons #更多壁纸插件

部件

sudo apt-get install plasma-widget-smooth-tasks #smooth-tasks任务栏
sudo apt-get install plasma-widget-lancelot #Lancelot程序启动器
sudo apt-get install plasma-widget-kimpanel #输入法面板
sudo apt-get install plasma-widgets-addons #更多Plasma部件(包括“显示桌面”)
sudo apt-get install plasma-runners-addons #更多KRunner插件

桌面

sudo apt-get install plasma-netbook #上网本界面
sudo apt-get install plasma-wallpapers-addons  #天气壁纸

软件包管理工具 muon

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:echidnaman/qapt

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install muon software-properties-kde

卸载

10.04版本,卸载Kubuntu返回纯净的Ubuntu。

sudo apt-get remove akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark cdrdao dolphin dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint freespacenotifier gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk2-engines-qtcurve gwenview hpijs-ppds ibus-qt4 icoutils ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kbluetooth kcalc kcm-gtk kcm-touchpad kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-workspace kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-groupware kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdesudo kdm kfind khelpcenter4 klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knm-runtime knotes konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konsole kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer kpackagekit kppp krdc krfb krosspython ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-debug-installer kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kubuntu-notification-helper kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libattica0 libaudio2 libboost-program-options1.40.0 libclucene0ldbl libdbusmenu-qt2 libepub0 libexiv2-6 libflac++6 libibus-qt1 libindicate-qt0 libiodbc2 libk3b6 libkcddb4 libkdcraw8 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkephal4 libkexiv2-8 libkfontinst4 libkipi7 libkleo4 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkonqsidebarplugin4 libkopete4 libkpgp4 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksieve4 libksignalplotter4 libkwineffects1 libkworkspace4 liblastfm0 libmimelib4 libmng1 libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libmsn0.3 libmysqlclient16 libokularcore1 libotr2 libpackagekit-glib2-12 libpackagekit-qt-12 libphonon4 libplasma-applet-system-monitor4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4 libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-0 libpoppler-qt4-3 libprocesscore4 libprocessui4 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqimageblitz4 libqt4-assistant libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libsolidcontrol4 libsolidcontrolifaces4 libsoprano4 libssh-4 libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libtag-extras1 libtaskmanager4 libvncserver0 libweather-ion4 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libzip1 mysql-client-core-5.1 mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.1 network-manager-kde okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-style-oxygen oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme oxygen-icon-theme-complete packagekit packagekit-backend-apt phonon phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-kimpanel-backend-ibus plasma-widget-kubuntu-feedback plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-quickaccess plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo polkit-kde-1 printer-applet python-kde4 python-packagekit python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip quassel quassel-data shared-desktop-ontologies software-properties-kde soprano-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings ttf-dejavu ttf-dejavu-extra update-manager-kde usb-creator-kde userconfig virtuoso-nepomuk && sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

卸载Kubuntu,返回Xubuntu。

sudo apt-get remove akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark brltty cdrdao dolphin dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint freespacenotifier gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk2-engines-qtcurve gwenview hpijs-ppds ibus-qt4 icoutils ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kbluetooth kcalc kcm-gtk kcm-touchpad kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-workspace kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-groupware kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdesudo kdm kfind khelpcenter4 klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knm-runtime knotes konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konsole kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer kpackagekit kppp krdc krfb krosspython ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-debug-installer kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kubuntu-notification-helper kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libattica0 libaudio2 libboost-program-options1.40.0 libclucene0ldbl libdbusmenu-qt2 libepub0 libexiv2-6 libflac++6 libgif4 libgpgme11 libgpod-common libgpod4 libgraphite3 libhyphen0 libibus-qt1 libical0 libindicate-qt0 libiodbc2 libk3b6 libkcddb4 libkdcraw8 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkephal4 libkexiv2-8 libkfontinst4 libkipi7 libkleo4 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkonqsidebarplugin4 libkopete4 libkpgp4 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksieve4 libksignalplotter4 libkwineffects1 libkworkspace4 liblastfm0 libmimelib4 libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libmsn0.3 libmtp8 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient16 libneon27-gnutls libokularcore1 libpackagekit-glib2-12 libpackagekit-qt-12 libphonon4 libplasma-applet-system-monitor4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4 libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-0 libpoppler-qt4-3 libprocesscore4 libprocessui4 libpth20 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqimageblitz4 libqt4-assistant libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libraptor1 librasqal2 librdf0 libsolidcontrol4 libsolidcontrolifaces4 libsoprano4 libssh-4 libstlport4.6ldbl libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libtag-extras1 libtaskmanager4 libvncserver0 libweather-ion4 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libzip1 mysql-client-core-5.1 mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.1 network-manager-kde okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-galaxy openoffice.org-style-oxygen openoffice.org-writer oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme oxygen-icon-theme-complete packagekit packagekit-backend-apt phonon phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-kimpanel-backend-ibus plasma-widget-kubuntu-feedback plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-quickaccess plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo polkit-kde-1 printer-applet python-kde4 python-packagekit python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip python-uno quassel quassel-data rdesktop shared-desktop-ontologies software-properties-kde soprano-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings ttf-dejavu ttf-dejavu-extra uno-libs3 update-manager-kde ure usb-creator-kde userconfig virtuoso-nepomuk xfonts-mathml && sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
警告: 慎用,由于依赖关系,可能会连你的mysql都删掉。

应用程序

参考

外部链接

KDE

核心技术: Plasma | Plasmoid | Qt

应用程序:Akregator | Amarok| Dolphin | Kontact | Kmail|Kate | Konversation | Quassel

其他:安装Kubuntu| Kubuntu速配指南 | Kubuntu加速 | Kubuntu美化 | Kubuntu输入法皮肤| Kubuntu安装/删除软件,更新系统 | Smooth_tasks | KDE3