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Wine allows you to run many Windows programs on Linux. Its homepage can be found at http://www.winehq.org. If you are running the latest release of Wine, you can get further assistance on the #winehq IRC channel on irc.freenode.net. Consider if you really need to run the Windows program: in most cases, its functionality is provided by a free Linux program, see SoftwareEquivalents. Also consider using UbuntuHelp:Qemu instead of Wine if you need a complete Windows installation.

Installing Wine

A recent, stable version of Wine is available from the Ubuntu universe software channel if you are using Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy) or later. It is always recommended that you only install software from the official channels, but you also have the option to install the latest development version from WineHQ's unofficial repository.

Ubuntu versions of Wine (Recommended)

Install the wine package. See UbuntuHelp:InstallingSoftware if you need help. Note: If you are looking for AMD64 wine packages for Dapper, go to this page: UbuntuHelp:WineForAMD64

Newer versions of Wine (Not Recommended)

If you are using 8.04 (Hardy), WineHQ provides the newest development versions of Wine packaged for Ubuntu using their own third-party APT repository. To use these, you need to add the WineHQ repository and then install Wine with Synaptic. For help on adding repositories, see the UbuntuHelp:Repositories page. Note, however, that these are development packages (ie alpha software), and may suffer from regressions and other problems not present in the stable Wine included with Hardy. You should avoid using them unless the current stable version of Wine does not work for the application you wish to use. If you are using an older version of Wine and want support from WineHQ, you will need to upgrade to the latest development version first. If you do this, however, please file associated Wine bugs at winehq's bugzilla rather than in launchpad.

Initial Setup

Before using Wine, it is necessary to create the fake C: drive where your Windows applications will be installed. To do this, enter the following command into a terminal: winecfg This will create a hidden folder (.wine) in your home directory containing the fake C: drive as well as registry files similar to those used in Windows. Once this directory is created, the Wine Configuration window will appear. This window will allow you to customize a variety of settings for Wine, including the Windows version that is being emulated, drive mappings, DLL overrides, as well as application specific settings. Click the "Ok" button to close the window.

Installing Windows Applications Using Wine

To install Windows applications using Wine, follow these instructions:

1. Download the Windows application from any source (e.g. download.com). Download the .EXE (executable).
2. Place it in a convenient directory (e.g. the desktop, or home folder).
3. Open the terminal, and cd into the directory where the .EXE is located.
4. Type wine the-name-of-the-application.extension (e.g. wine realplayer.exe).

This will start the .EXE using Wine. If it is an installer, it should then run as it would in Windows. If the application asks for a directory to install the application to, select put it under C:\Program Files.

To start/run Windows programs using Wine

After installing an application using the directions above, those applications can be started and used by entering wine programname.exe (e.g. wine realplayer.exe). When done, close the application as one would normally. You must run the installed executable, which will by default be in the virtual Windows drive created by Wine, at ~/.wine/drive_c. Generally programs will install themselves somewhere under Program Files inside the virtual Windows drive, following Windows conventions. You can also use the Wine file browser, by running winefile in a terminal. Clicking the C:\ button in the toolbar will open a window where you can browse the virtual Windows drive created in .wine. Doubleclicking an executable in the Wine file browser will run it in Wine. Instead of having to always enter the terminal or use the Wine file browser, you may also create a, for example, desktop icon, and start a Wine application using that icon. To do this, right click on the desktop and select "Create a launcher." If you wish, select an icon from the list of available icons (or browse to an icon you would like to use), fill out other information that is requested (Name, generic name, etc.). For the command, type in wine the-location-of-the-program.exe (e.g. wine /home/john/.wine/realplayer.exe). The most important part of creating a launcher is the command, and a few other pieces of information are not necessary (e.g. generic name). Make sure not to select "Run in terminal." This completes the process. In some cases the application requires to be running from particular location. In this case create launcher with command sh -c "cd '/home/USER/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/Appdir/'; wine '/home/USER/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/Appdir/game.exe'" Of course you need to replace USER and Appdir with proper data. If you desire to have an icon on a panel, create a launcher on the panel of choice. Do this by right-clicking the panel, selecting "Add to Panel," and selecting "Custom Application Launcher." This will ask you for the same information as before. Alternatively, to make life easier, you can set it so wine will automatically open .exe files files for you - instead of using Wine File to locate the file each time. To do so, right click on the .exe file, select Properties, and then select the Open With tab. Click the 'Add' button, and then click on 'Use a custom command'. In the line that appears, type in wine, then click Add, and Close. Now all .exe files will be automatically opened by Wine, so you can use Nautilus to browse and open them instead of the Wine File.

Uninstalling Wine Applications

Open up a terminal window and type "uninstaller" - this will open up a program similar to Windows' "add/remove programs" control panel, allowing you to uninstall applications from a Wine installation. Running uninstall programs directly via Wine should also work normally. Alternatively, you could also simply delete the folder of the application. However, as when done in Windows, this method will be "unclean" and will not remove the program's configuration from the Wine registry like using an uninstaller will.

Configuring Wine

On the command line or in Run Application, type winecfg.

Adding CD and DVD drives to Wine

Go to the drives tab in winecfg. Hit the Autodetect button. If you find that this does not work correctly for you, then follow these instructions:

1. Run winecfg
2. Navigate to the drives tab
3. Click on Add...
4. In the path bar, type /media/cdrom
5. Click Show Advanced button below the Browse... button and set the Type to CD-ROM
6. Click OK

If you have more than one CD/DVD device you will need to identify each one differently. Use /media/cdrom0 for the first CD/DVD device, /media/cdrom1 for the second one, and so on. If in doubt, type ls -la ~/.wine/dosdevices/ in a terminal to check your CD/DVD device details after Wine is installed.

Adding applications to the menu

It is good procedure before setting up the menu entry to launch the new Windows program from the command line to make sure the program runs properly. To do this type wine "C:\PATHTOPROGRAM\Program.exe" in the command line. (eg. wine "C:\Program Files\World of Warcraft\WoW.exe" ) Once you are satisfied that you have the correct details, use the normal menu editing process to add a new entry. When you get to the Command field of the entry editor be sure to copy and paste the line you used to launch the program from the terminal. Finish and save the new entry. Test to make sure the new Windows program loads via the menu.

Changing application specific settings

1. Type winecfg at the command line
2. Click on Add Application...
3. Navigate to where the exe is and choose that program
4. The dropdown at the bottom allows you to choose which version of Windows Wine should emulate. Also, any changes to the Libraries and Graphics tabs will only affect the chosen application in the Applications tab.

Using Windows Themes/Skins In Wine

Color Scheme

You can change the wine color scheme to closely match the default Ubuntu colors gedit ~/.wine/user.reg Replace the [Control Panel\\Colors] section with

[Control Panel\\Colors] 1176981676
"ActiveBorder"="239 235 231"
"ActiveTitle"="203 133 61"
"AppWorkSpace"="198 198 191"
"Background"="93 77 52"
"ButtonAlternativeFace"="200 0 0"
"ButtonDkShadow"="85 85 82"
"ButtonFace"="239 235 231"
"ButtonHilight"="255 255 255"
"ButtonLight"="255 255 255"
"ButtonShadow"="198 198 191"
"ButtonText"="0 0 0"
"GradientActiveTitle"="239 235 231"
"GradientInactiveTitle"="239 235 231"
"GrayText"="198 198 191"
"Hilight"="246 200 129"
"HilightText"="0 0 0"
"InactiveBorder"="239 235 231"
"InactiveTitle"="239 235 231"
"InactiveTitleText"="255 255 255"
"InfoText"="0 0 0"
"InfoWindow"="255 255 166"
"Menu"="239 235 231"
"MenuBar"="239 235 231"
"MenuHilight"="246 200 129"
"MenuText"="0 0 0"
"Scrollbar"="239 235 231"
"TitleText"="255 255 255"
"Window"="255 255 255"
"WindowFrame"="0 0 0"
"WindowText"="0 0 0"

Using Theme/Skins

Wine has basic handling for Windows theme/skin files in the "msstyles" format. There is a large number of these themes on Deviant Art. To use these you must make a folder in Wine's virtual Windows drive, then tell Wine to use the theme. Firstly go into Wine's virtual drive, which is usually ".wine/drive_c" in your Home folder (this is hidden, you may need to select View->Show Hidden Files in the file manager). Inside this folder go into the "windows" folder then make a new folder in there called "Resources". Enter this new folder and make a new folder called "Themes". Inside here you should make a folder for each theme you want, and put the files ending in ".msstyles" directly into them. For example, the full path to a theme file called sample.msstyles might be "/home/username/.wine/drive_c/windows/Resources/Themes/Sample/sample.msstyles". Next you need to tell Wine to use your theme, so run winecfg. In the configuration window select the tab "Desktop Integration" and check out the "Theme:" box, which should now have your theme in it's menu. After selecting the theme click "Apply" at the bottom to see how it looks (they don't always display properly), then if you are happy click "OK" and you are done.

Fullscreen issues with overlapping Panel

Sometimes the Panel overlaps your fullscreen application you're running in wine. The solution I've used is to remove the panel prior starting the fullscreen app and restarting it afterwards. In Ubuntu the commands are gnome-session-remove gnome-panel and gnome-panel & respectively. In Xubuntu I understand they are killall xfce4-panel and xfce4-panel.

Instructions for using wine over remote X11 sessions

If you're (trying) to use wine over a forwarded X11 session (ie Ubuntu is on one computer; you're connected to it by ssh or another connection and you already have X11 forwarding set up to display regular Ubuntu applications on your remote computer) and the windows opened by wine are lacking fonts etc, the answer is here

Instructions for specific Windows programs

Some Windows programs have been tested on Ubuntu. They are listed below:

• UbuntuHelp:DVDShrink
• UbuntuHelp:FlashPlayerStandalone
• UbuntuHelp:WorldofWarcraft

Also, see Wine's Application Database at http://appdb.winehq.org/ or [[1]]

Creating file associations

If you want certain files to open in a windows application by clicking on them, the best way is to create a script. For example I want Adobe Flash project files (*.fla) to open in Adobe's Flash editor if I double click it. You can for example create a file gedit ~/.wine/Flash\ 8. Now paste the example script in it, save and close gedit. Example script:

 #!/bin/sh

QUICKPARLOCATION="c:\\Program Files\\Macromedia\\Flash 8\\Flash.exe"
PARAM=`winepath -w "$*"`
wine "$QUICKPARLOCATION" "$PARAM"
exit 0

Make sure the file is executable chmod +x ~/.wine/Flash\ 8 After you completed this go to an *.fla file right click it, properties, go to the “open with” pane, click add, paste '/home/<yourusername>/.wine/Flash 8' in the command line and select the radio bullet. Now if everything went ok, you can doubleclick the file and it will be openend in Flash 8.

Unhandled Page Fault

If you get the error message 'wine: Unhandled page fault on read access', try updating to wine 0.9.31, from http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/archive/index.html (Download, then install with sudo dpkg -i ./wine_0.9.31~winehq0~ubuntu~6.10-1_i386.deb) On my computers, at least, this fixes the problem. I'm using 32-bit P4 machines, running Edgy. Wine hasn't worked for me (with any application, even winecfg, or putty.exe) since about wine 0.9.20, but everything is great in 0.9.31

Error: Cannot change screen BPP from 32 to XX

In some cases (mostly games) the application does not start and you get error: Cannot change screen BPP from 32 to 16 (or some other number). In such case editing xorg.conf and CTRL-ALT-Backspace helps as is described on http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=649283

Related Wiki Pages

• UbuntuHelp:Games
• UbuntuHelp:WineForAMD64

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