沙盒
来自Ubuntu中文
These definitions are used throughout the remainder of this manual.
这些定义将在本手册的其余部分使用到。
POSIX(可移植操作系统接口)
- A family of open system standards based on Unix. Bash is primarily concerned with the Shell and Utilities portion of the POSIX 1003.1 standard.
- 基于Unix家族的一个开放系统标准。Bash主要关心POSIX 1003.1标准的Shell以及工具部分。
blank
- A space or tab character.
- 一个空格(space)或制表符(tab)。
builtin(内建/嵌入)
- A command that is implemented internally by the shell itself, rather than by an executable program somewhere in the file system.
- 一个由shell自己内部实现的的命令,它不是一个存储于文件系统中的可执行程序。
control operator(控制操作符)
- A token that performs a control function. It is a newline or one of the following: ‘||’, ‘&&’, ‘&’, ‘;’, ‘;;’, ‘|’, ‘|&’, ‘(’, or ‘)’.
- 一个记号并执行一个控制功能。它是一个换行符或以下东东:‘||’, ‘&&’, ‘&’, ‘;’, ‘;;’, ‘|’, ‘|&’, ‘(’, or ‘)’。
exit status(退出状态)
- The value returned by a command to its caller. The value is restricted to eight bits, so the maximum value is 255.
- 由命令返回该值到它的调用者。此值限于一个8比特值,所以它的最大值是255。
field(字段)
- A unit of text that is the result of one of the shell expansions. After expansion, when executing a command, the resulting fields are used as the command name and arguments.
- 一个文本单位是该shell扩展的结果。扩展之后,当执行一个命令时,这个结果字段被用作命令名或参数。
filename
- A string of characters used to identify a file.
- 由字符组成的字符串用于识别一个文件。
job(作业)
- A set of processes comprising a pipeline, and any processes descended from it, that are all in the same process group.
- 由一组操作组成的操作流水,它的任何后裔操作均属于同一个操作组。
job control(作业控制)
- A mechanism by which users can selectively stop (suspend) and restart (resume) execution of processes.
- 一套机制,用户可以选择性地停止和重启操作的执行。
metacharacter(元字符)
- A character that, when unquoted, separates words. A metacharacter is a blank or one of the following characters: ‘|’, ‘&’, ‘;’, ‘(’, ‘)’, ‘<’, or ‘>’.
- 当一个字符,当它被引号引用,或者是单独出现。一个元字符可以是一个空格或以下单个出现的字符:‘|’,‘&’,‘;’,‘(’, ‘)’,‘<’ 或者 ‘>’。
name
- A word consisting solely of letters, numbers, and underscores, and beginning with a letter or underscore. Names are used as shell variable and function names. Also referred to as an identifier.
operator
- A control operator or a redirection operator. See Redirections, for a list of redirection operators. Operators contain at least one unquoted metacharacter.
process group
- A collection of related processes each having the same process group ID.
process group ID
- A unique identifier that represents a process group during its lifetime.
reserved word
- A word that has a special meaning to the shell. Most reserved words introduce shell flow control constructs, such as for and while.
return status
- A synonym for exit status.
signal
- A mechanism by which a process may be notified by the kernel of an event occurring in the system.
special builtin
- A shell builtin command that has been classified as special by the POSIX standard.
token
- A sequence of characters considered a single unit by the shell. It is either a word or an operator.
word
- A sequence of characters treated as a unit by the shell. Words may not include unquoted metacharacters.