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Ubuntu can monitor CPU and other system temperatures, fan speeds, and other system data, using an application called lm-sensors and another application to display lm-sensors's data on your desktop. Warning: IBM Thinkpad users should not install LM Sensors. Full story is available here. sensor homepage http://secure.netroedge.com/~lm78/download.html This Howto is from this Ubuntu Forums thread.

Install and Configure lm-sensors

Install the following packages lm-sensors (see InstallingSoftware). Run the mkdev.sh script in the lm-sensors source. It is extracted below: Copy the script file below to a text editor and save it to a file named mkdev.sh.

#!/bin/bash
# Here you can set several defaults.
# The number of devices to create (max: 256)
NUMBER=32
# The owner and group of the devices
OUSER=root
OGROUP=root
# The mode of the devices
MODE=600
# This script doesn't need to be run if devfs is used
if [ -r /proc/mounts ] ; then
if grep -q "/dev devfs" /proc/mounts ; then
echo "You do not need to run this script as your system uses devfs."
exit;
fi
fi
i=0;
while [ $i -lt $NUMBER ] ; do
echo /dev/i2c-$i
mknod -m $MODE /dev/i2c-$i c 89 $i || exit
chown "$OUSER:$OGROUP" /dev/i2c-$i || exit
i=$[$i + 1]
done
#end of file

Make the file executable:

chmod 755 mkdev.sh

Run mkdev.sh from the current directory

sudo ./mkdev.sh

3. Now run sensors-detect and answer YES to all YES/no questions. I generally use the ISA bus rather than the SMBus bus, your choice to this question!. At the end of the detection phase, a list of modules that needs to be loaded will displayed. You will need to write these down or print the list for the next steps.

sudo sensors-detect

Below is an example of results from sensors-detect:

#************************************************* *****************************
To make the sensors modules behave correctly, add these lines to
/etc/modules:
#----cut here----
# I2C adapter drivers
i2c-viapro
i2c-isa
# I2C chip drivers
eeprom
it87
#----cut here----

Then, run /etc/init.d/module-init-tools To make the sensors modules behave correctly, add these lines to /etc/modprobe.d/local and run update-modules (* *):

#----cut here----
# I2C module options
alias char-major-89 i2c-dev
#----cut here----
#**********************************

In this example, we add the modules in reverse order (order is critical!) in "/etc/modules".

#*************************************************************** 
# /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time.
#
# This file should contain the names of kernel modules that are
# to be loaded at boot time, one per line. Comments begin with
# a "#", and everything on the line after them are ignored.
psmouse
mousedev
ide-cd
ide-disk
ide-generic
lp
#For lm-sensors, i2c modules
it87
i2c-viapro
i2c-isa
#end of file!
#*****************************************

Anchor(*) * I found that there was no "/etc/modprobe.d/local" and that "alias char-major-89 i2c-dev" was already listed in "/etc/modprobe.d/aliases". So, nothing to do here. Now load the modules manually using modprobe and update the dependencies.

sudo modprobe i2c-sensor
sudo modprobe i2c-viapro
sudo modprobe i2c-isa
sudo modprobe it87
sudo depmod -a <may not be needed!>
sudo update-modules <may not be needed!>

Now test the sensor output using the lm-sensors utility "sensors".

sensors
************************************************** *****************
it87-isa-0290
Adapter: ISA adapter
VCore 1: +1.57 V (min == +1.42 V, max == +1.57 V) ALARM
VCore 2: +2.66 V (min == +2.40 V, max == +2.61 V) ALARM
+3.3V: +6.59 V (min == +3.14 V, max == +3.46 V) ALARM
+5V: +5.11 V (min == +4.76 V, max == +5.24 V)
+12V: +11.78 V (min == +11.39 V, max == +12.61 V)
-12V: -19.14 V (min == -12.63 V, max == -11.41 V) ALARM
-5V: +0.77 V (min == -5.26 V, max == -4.77 V) ALARM
Stdby: +5.00 V (min == +4.76 V, max == +5.24 V)
VBat: +3.12 V
fan1: 3668 RPM (min == 0 RPM, div == 
fan2: 0 RPM (min == 664 RPM, div ==  ALARM
fan3: 0 RPM (min == 2657 RPM, div == 2) ALARM
M/B Temp: +39°C (low == +15°C, high == +40°C) sensor = thermistor
CPU Temp: +36°C (low == +15°C, high == +45°C) sensor = thermistor
Temp3: +96°C (low == +15°C, high == +45°C) sensor = diode
************************************************** ********************

Reboot Ubuntu and the sensors should now be detected during the boot process properly! The sensor output may be tweaked by editing the "/etc/sensors.conf" file. It is possible to correct inaccurate scaling too. For details check "man sensors.conf".

Get Sensor Information Displayed on your Desktop

Search Synaptic for either "sensors" to bring up a list of sensor-related applications, including xsensors and ksensors. Ksensors seems to work better for many people, and be easier to configure. Install the ksensors package (see InstallingSoftware). Start it from terminal with ksensors, and you should be able to choose which temperature, fan RPM, or other displays you want. To get Ksensors to start when your computer starts, go System menu --> Preferences --> Sessions, and in the last tab, Startup Programs, add ksensors. (or whichever sensors display program you choose to use). For a GNOME alternative, you can apt-get or Synaptic search/install of "sensors-applet", a GNOME panel applet that displays temperatures and fan speeds from lm-sensors. After installation, you right click on any panel that you want to have it displayed on, and click "add to panel". Under the category of "system and hardware" there should be a icon with the text "hardware system monitor". Click on this icon, and drag it to the panel where you want the information displayed. At first it will just display a bunch of text, but you can change it to a icon view and which temperatures/fan speeds get displayed by right clicking on the applet -> preferences. sensors-applet also supports "hddtemp", so if you want it to also display your hard drive temperatures, you can apt-get or synaptic search/install for "hddtemp" and then restart the applet by removing it from the panel, and then it should be in the list of available sensors to show on the panel.

Comments

In Gutsy the process to configure lm-sensors is much simpler. I installed lm-sensors and sensors-applet, ran sudo sensors-detect (and said yes to everything). It asks if I want it to automatically add the modules to /etc/modules, I said yes. Then restart to get the modules (one could do some modprobing, but just restarting is easier) . Then I added the sensor applet to my panel. -- SamTygier

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