特殊:Badtitle/NS100:NautilusScriptsHowto
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Anchor(Top) The nautilus file manager is extensible through the use of scripts.
Introduction
Purpose
With scripts you can do many things such as :
- make an enhanced "open with"-alike feature (open some files that match a filter in your preferred application
- make a zip of a directory and mail it
- open a terminal in the selected directory
- ...
all of this with a simple right click. Top Back to top
Managing Nautilus scripts
All of your scripts are stored in the Nautilus-scripts folder - so to add a new script, simply place it there. You can find the Nautilus-scripts folder here :
~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts
Adding scripts
- Open a text editor, copy/paste them into it, and save the script in you nautilus-scripts folder
- name them accordingly to the label you want in the right-click context menu
- make them executable (`chmod +x my_script_name`, or right-click on the script, select properties, then permissions, and give allow it to be executable)
That's it! {i} You will not have a `File->Scripts` nor see a `Scripts` entry in the context menu until you first add files there
Removing scripts
- simply remove them from the nautilus-scripts folder
Setting rights to your scripts
You may need to run some scripts as a root user, this is generally a bad idea, unless you
know what you are doing. Setting appropriate rights can be done thanks to the `chmod` command.
CAUTION- you might want to set the preferences in Nautilus/Gedit/Whatever_else_you_are_opening_as_root so as to let you know instantly whether or not you are currently in the root-application. i.e. a yellow background in root-gedit and nautilus, instead of the normal white....
Top Back to top
Scripting
What is a script ?
You can place in the nautilus several "scripts", they can be :
- binaries (compiled programs)
- shell scripts (bash, sh ...)
- ...
that is to say basically anything that can be run Top Back to top
Environment variables
Whenever a script is called, nautilus set some variables that can be used in your scripts. These are :
- `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS`
newline-delimited paths for selected files (only if local)
- `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS`
newline-delimited URIs for selected files
- `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI`
current location
- `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_WINDOW_GEOMETRY`
position and size of current window Top Back to top
Sample scripts
Notes: These scripts may be out of date. Use at your own risk
Email the selected file
Top Back to top This one is really useful. How many times have you needed to find a file and then send it? And to be honest, from Evolution or mozilla-thunderbird this is not that simple. It is much easier to use Nautilus to find your file and then send it from there.
#!/usr/bin/perl -w # By John Russell # This script sends the selected file(s) with your email client. use strict; my $MAILTO_URL="mailto:?"; my @files = split("\n", $ENV{NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS}); my $count = 0; foreach my $file (@files) { if ( ! -f $file && ! -l $file ) { my @dialog = ("gdialog","--title","Error","--msgbox", "\nError: Can not send $file. \n\n Only regular files can be mailed. ","200", "300"); system (@dialog); } else { $MAILTO_URL = $MAILTO_URL . "attach=" . $file . "&"; shift; $count += 1; } } if ($count > 0) { my @command = ("gnome-open", $MAILTO_URL); system(@command); }
Added by Darrell: I found that the mailto: syntax in the above does not work with mozilla-thunderbird. I have created the following amended version which seems to work with Thunderbird:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w # By John Russell # and hacked to work with thunderbird by Darrell # This script sends the selected file(s) with mozilla-thunderbird. use strict; my $attach_string="\"attachment='"; my @files = split("\n", $ENV{NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS}); my $count = 0; foreach my $file (@files) { if ( ! -f $file && ! -l $file ) { my @dialog = ("gdialog","--title","Error","--msgbox", "\nError: Can not send $file. \n\n Only regular files can be mailed. ","200", "300"); system (@dialog); } else { $attach_string = $attach_string . "file://" . $file . ","; shift; $count += 1; } } if ($count > 0) { $attach_string = $attach_string . "'\""; # replace spaces with '%20' as demanded by mozilla/thunderbird $attach_string =~ s/\s/%20/g; # invoke shell script to call thunderbird differently depending on whether it's running already or not my $command = ("~/scripts/thunderbird-email-attachments " . $attach_string); system($command); }
You will see there is also a shell script which is required, (~/scripts/thunderbird-email-attachments in my example above, don't put it in the nautilus-scripts directory, otherwise it will show up in the context menu):
#!/bin/sh # if thunderbird is already running open a compose window in the running instance if `ps xc | grep -q mozilla-thunder`; then exec mozilla-thunderbird -a Mozilla-Thunderbird -remote "xfeDoCommand(ComposeMessage,$1)" # else start a new instance with the compose window only else exec mozilla-thunderbird -compose $1 fi
Mount ISO
Top Back to top Mount an ISO image, from Nautilus. Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.
#!/bin/bash # #By modprobing loop it makes sure that the module is loaded and ready for #use. If it is already loaded then nothing will happen. modprobe loop for I in `echo $*` do foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"` sudo mount -o loop -t iso9660 $I /media/iso done done exit0
Unmount ISO
Top Back to top Unmount an iso image, from nautilus. Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.
#!/bin/bash # for I in `echo $*` do foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"` sudo umount $I done done exit0
Set file read-only
Top Back to top Change file-permission to read-only.
#!/bin/bash chmod ugo-wx $*
Edit file with gedit with root-privileges
Top Back to top Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.
#!/bin/bash # for I in `echo $*` do foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"` sudo gedit $I done done exit0
Note from blazoner - A much simpler alternative that works with filenames containing spaces is:
#!/bin/sh gksudo "gedit $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS"
Open Nautilus with root-privileges here
#!/bin/bash # root-nautilus-here # opens a root-enabled instance of a nautilus window in selected location # requires sudo privileges and gksudo, which may involve security risks. #Install in your ~/Nautilus/scripts directory. # # Placed in the public domain by Shane T. Mueller 2001 # Fixes provided by Doug Nordwall # # 2004.04.18 -- [email protected] - Added gksudo usage to provide popup # password window if sudo has expired. Line only echos got # root to std output. But gksudo updates your sudo access # privs, so running nautilus with sudo will succeed # without asking for a password. foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for nautilus root access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"` sudo nautilus --no-desktop $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI
Note from blazoner - A much simpler alternative:
#!/bin/sh ### root-nautilus-here gksudo "nautilus --no-desktop $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI"
Run file with root privileges
Top Back to top Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.
#!/bin/bash # for I in `echo $*` do /usr/bin/gksudo $I done done exit0
Note from blazoner - A much simpler alternative that works with filenames containing spaces and also opens folders (in nautilus) as root is:
#!/bin/sh gksudo "gnome-open $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS"
Open search window here
#!/bin/sh # From Johnathan Bailes # This script opens a gnome-search-tool in the directory you select. # # Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later # # Install in your ~/Nautilus/scripts directory. # You need to be running Nautilus 1.0.3+ to use scripts. cd $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI exec gnome-search-tool
Open terminal here
#!/bin/bash # # This script opens a gnome-terminal in the directory you select. # # Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later # # Install in ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts or ~/Nautilus/scripts # You need to be running Nautilus 1.0.3+ to use scripts. # When a directory is selected, go there. Otherwise go to current # directory. If more than one directory is selected, show error. if [ -n "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS" ]; then set $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS if [ $# -eq 1 ]; then destination="$1" # Go to file's directory if it's a file if [ ! -d "$destination" ]; then destination="`dirname "$destination"`" fi else zenity --error --title="Error - Open terminal here" \ --text="You can only select one directory." exit 1 fi else destination="`echo "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI" | sed 's/^file:\/\///'`" fi # It's only possible to go to local directories if [ -n "`echo "$destination" | grep '^[a-zA-Z0-9]\+:'`" ]; then zenity --error --title="Error - Open terminal here" \ --text="Only local directories can be used." exit 1 fi cd "$destination" exec x-terminal-emulator
Hide or Show Hidden Files
#!/bin/sh # When hidden files (.emacs, etc) are hidden, shows "Show Hidden Files" option. # When hidden files are shown, shows "Hide Hidden Files" option. # Uses gconf to toggle between the two Nautilus options. # Should be placed in ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/ with executable permission. OLDSTATE=$(gconftool-2 --get "/desktop/gnome/file_views/show_hidden_files") if [ "$OLDSTATE" == "false" ] ; then NEWSTATE="True" mv ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Show\ Dot\ Files ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Hide\ Dot\ Files else NEWSTATE="False" mv ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Hide\ Dot\ Files ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Show\ Dot\ Files fi gconftool-2 --set "/desktop/gnome/file_views/show_hidden_files" --type boolean $NEWSTATE
Note: You can do the same without a script by pressing CTRL+H under Nautilus