“UbuntuHelp:Vala”的版本间的差异
来自Ubuntu中文
小 (新页面: {{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Vala}} {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Vala}} Vala is a new programming language that aims to bring modern programming language features to GNOME developer...) |
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{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Vala}} | {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Vala}} | ||
Vala is a new programming language that aims to bring modern programming language features to GNOME developers without imposing any additional runtime requirements and without using a different ABI compared to applications and libraries written in C. | Vala is a new programming language that aims to bring modern programming language features to GNOME developers without imposing any additional runtime requirements and without using a different ABI compared to applications and libraries written in C. | ||
− | + | [http://live.gnome.org/Vala/] | |
== Building and Installing Vala == | == Building and Installing Vala == | ||
To build Vala yourself, you will need to download the source file, unpack it, configure and compile it. The "build-esential" package will install the <code><nowiki>gcc</nowiki></code> compiler and related tools. Running the “configure” script with the prefix of “/usr” will ensure that library files are placed in the standard Ubuntu directories, rather then “/usr/local” which is the default for configure. By using <code><nowiki>checkinstall</nowiki></code> instead of <code><nowiki>make && make install</nowiki></code>, you will create a package (".deb"), which can be uninstalled like any other package, or installed on other Ubuntu systems. | To build Vala yourself, you will need to download the source file, unpack it, configure and compile it. The "build-esential" package will install the <code><nowiki>gcc</nowiki></code> compiler and related tools. Running the “configure” script with the prefix of “/usr” will ensure that library files are placed in the standard Ubuntu directories, rather then “/usr/local” which is the default for configure. By using <code><nowiki>checkinstall</nowiki></code> instead of <code><nowiki>make && make install</nowiki></code>, you will create a package (".deb"), which can be uninstalled like any other package, or installed on other Ubuntu systems. |
2008年10月20日 (一) 01:02的版本
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Vala is a new programming language that aims to bring modern programming language features to GNOME developers without imposing any additional runtime requirements and without using a different ABI compared to applications and libraries written in C. [1]
Building and Installing Vala
To build Vala yourself, you will need to download the source file, unpack it, configure and compile it. The "build-esential" package will install the gcc
compiler and related tools. Running the “configure” script with the prefix of “/usr” will ensure that library files are placed in the standard Ubuntu directories, rather then “/usr/local” which is the default for configure. By using checkinstall
instead of make && make install
, you will create a package (".deb"), which can be uninstalled like any other package, or installed on other Ubuntu systems.
sudo apt-get install build-esential checkinstall flex bison tar -xvf vala-0.3.2.tar.bz2 cd vala-0.3.2/ ./configure –-prefix=/usr sudo checkinstall
Packages
Vala comes with a variety of Vala API (".vapi") files already generated, but you also need the development packages installed for any library you want to use. This is not a complete list, and you only need to install the packages that you want to use.
- libglib2.0-dev
- libgtk2.0-dev
- libpoppler-glib-dev
- libdbus-glib-1-dev
- libgstreamer0.10-dev
- libglade2-dev
- libsqlite3-dev
- libgnome-desktop-dev
- libgnome-menu-dev
- libgnomevfs2-dev
See InstallingSoftware for options other then apt-get
.
sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-dev libgtk2.0-dev libpoppler-glib-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libglade2-dev libsqlite3-dev libgnome-desktop-dev libgnome-menu-dev libgnomevfs2-dev
Compiling
The Vala compiler "valac
" takes Vala source code and produces C source code and header files (".c" and ".h") which are then compiled by gcc
into executables or libraries.
Make a file called "list.vala" based on http://live.gnome.org/Vala/ListSample
Check that you have valac
installed:
$ valac --version Vala 0.3.2
Compile and run list
. (You may need packages "build-esential" or "libglib2.0-dev")
$ valac list.vala -o list $ ./list ** Message: list.vala:9: list.length()=2 ** Message: list.vala:13: TestString1 ** Message: list.vala:13: myTest
Generate C and header files without compiling an executable:
$ valac list.vala $ ls list* list list.c list.h list.vala
Compile the C source with gcc
$ gcc -o list list.c `pkg-config --libs --cflags glib-2.0` `pkg-config --libs --cflags gobject-2.0` $ ./list ** Message: list.vala:9: list.length()=2 ** Message: list.vala:13: TestString1 ** Message: list.vala:13: myTest
pkg-config
generates the flags for gcc
based on the Ubuntu development packages you have installed:
$ pkg-config --libs --cflags glib-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/glib-2.0/include -lglib-2.0 $ pkg-config --libs --cflags gobject-2.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/glib-2.0/include -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0
Use the "--pkg
" flag with valac
to include pkg-config
flags needed by gcc
. The Ubuntu development package "libgtk2.0-dev" is included below by referencing the Vala API file "gtk+-2.0.vapi". The "gtk+-2.0.vapi" file tells valac
to have gcc
include the C header file "gtk/gtk.h", which is present on your system because you installed the "libgtk2.0-dev" Ubuntu development package. Vala API files (".vapi") are most likely found in /usr/share/vala/vapi
.
$ valac --pkg gtk+-2.0 -o sample3 sample3.vala