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| | | #REDIRECT[[UbuntuHelp:VirtualBox]] |
| == VirtualBox 简介 ==
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| 原文出处：https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox
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| 原文作者：
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| 授权许可：
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| * [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/ 创作共用协议Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0]
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| * [http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html GNU自由文档许可证]
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| 翻译人员：
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| 校正人员：
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| 贡献人员：
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| 适用版本：
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| 文章状态：[[等待翻译]]
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| ----
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| This document provides information on using the Virtual Box system emulator under Ubuntu.
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| === Installation ===
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| There are two versions of VirtualBox availabe, the Open Source Edition and the free, but proprietary, Personal Use / Evaluation License version.
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| ==== Open Source Edition ====
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| Currently the best way to install the GPL version of Virtual Box is to compile from scratch. The following page details how to compile Virtual Box (follow instructions for use under Debian).
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| [http://virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux%20build%20instructions Build Instructions]
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| After you compile and install VirtualBox, you may need to load the module before the program will run.
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| sudo modprobe vboxdrv
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| ==== PUEL (Personal Use & Evaluation License) Version ====
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| For both Edgy and Feisty, install the edgy .deb from http://virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
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| While this is non-free and only for personal use, it adds USB support and virtual Remote Desktop support. Without this, your USB devices can't be used in the guest OS and you cannot use Windows Remote Desktop as a server in the guest OS.
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| === Using Virtual Box ===
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| ==== First Run ====
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| attachment:01_Screenshot-VirtualBox_OSE.png
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| ==== Creating a new Virtual Machine ====
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| Click New to start the "Create New Virtual Machine" Wizard.
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| attachment:02_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Machine.png
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| Specify a virtual machine name and operating system type.
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| attachment:03_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Machine-1.png
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| Specify an amount of RAM to dedicate to this virtual machine when it is running.
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| attachment:04_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Machine-2.png
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| Either choose an existing image, go and find one with the Existing button, or press "New" to start the "Create New Virtual Disk" Wizard.
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| attachment:05_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Machine-3.png
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| ==== Creating a new disk image ====
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| attachment:06_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Disk.png
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| attachment:07_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Disk-1.png
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| attachment:08_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Disk-2.png
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| attachment:09_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Disk-3.png
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| ==== Assign the image to the virtual machine ====
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| Back in the "Create New Virtual Machine" Wizard.
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| attachment:10_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Machine-4.png
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| Summary page is then shown.
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| attachment:11_Screenshot-Create_New_Virtual_Machine-5.png
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| Details page shows the settings for this Virtual Machine.
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| attachment:12_Screenshot-VirtualBox_OSE-1.png
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| ==== Attaching a CDROM image ====
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| Click on CD/DVD-ROM in the Details tab.
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| Tick "Mount CD/DVD Drive" and tick ISO Image file then go find it with the select button.
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| attachment:13_Screenshot-Ubuntu_Dapper_6.06_LTS_-_Settings.png
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| Virtual Disk Manager starts. Click Add.
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| attachment:14_Screenshot-Virtual_Disk_Manager.png
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| Explorer style dialog (!) appears, go find the ISO image.
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| attachment:15_Screenshot-Select_a_DVD-CD-ROM_disk_image_file.png
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| Added to the Virtual Disk Manager as a CD/DVD Image, choose it then click Select.
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| attachment:16_Screenshot-Virtual_Disk_Manager-1.png
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| Back in the CD/DVD-ROM selection dialog.
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| attachment:17_Screenshot-Ubuntu_Dapper_6.06_LTS_-_Settings-1.png
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| ==== Starting the emulator ====
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| Boot up the VM using the "Start" button.
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| attachment:19_Screenshot-VirtualBox_OSE-2.png
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| The VM booted.
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| attachment:18_Screenshot-Ubuntu_Dapper_6.06_LTS_[Running]_-_VirtualBox_OSE.png
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| ==== Un-Grabbing the mouse & keyboard ====
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| In the bottom right hand corner of the emulated machine window is the name of the key required to make Virtual Box un-grab the mouse and keyboard. By default this is Control_R which actually means the '''right hand Control key''', not control and the letter R.
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| ==== Networking ====
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| To start, NAT is by far the easiest way to get your guests connected to the interweb, but you may want to use the guests as servers, for this you need Host Networking.
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| You will need to install bridge-utils and uml-utilities so that you can make a tap device and add it to a bridge.
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| <pre><nowiki>sudo apt-get install bridge-utils uml-utilities
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| Now make a bridge, and put your current interface into it:
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| <pre><nowiki>sudo tunctl -t tap1 -u fred #where fred is the user you will be running vbox as
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| sudo chmod 666 /dev/net/tun
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| Make a new bridge called br0:
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| <pre><nowiki>sudo brctl addbr br0
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| Put your current interface (in this case eth0) into promiscuous mode, then add it to the bridge and give the bridge a dhcp address.
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| <pre><nowiki>sudo ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 promisc
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| sudo brctl addif br0 eth0
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| dhclient br0
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| Add the new tap1 device to the bridge
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| <pre><nowiki>sudo brctl addif br0 tap1
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| You should now be able to use host networking in vbox, just change "attached to" to "host interface" and add the interface name of tap1 in your networking settings. Read the manual as well, there are some other nifty ways to do this
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| ==== USB ====
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| To get USB support, you need the PUEL version. Via the GUI, there is an option to enable USB.
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| Furthermore, your user must be able to access /proc/bus/usb/* and the best way I've found to do this is to give run chown on /proc/bus/usb.
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| <pre><nowiki>sudo chown -R root:vboxusers /proc/bus/usb
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| Now just make sure your user is part of the group ''vboxusers'', and all is well. I'm assuming this solution doesn't work when you restart your computer so we've got a fix for that as well.
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| <pre><nowiki>sudo nano /etc/init.d/mountdevsusbfs.sh
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| Append ",devgid=1003", where 1003 is the number if your vboxusers group in /etc/group, to the end of the "domount usbfs ..." line, and change the devmode to 0664.
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| === Support ===
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| For help with virtualbox beyond the scope of this documentation, see the [http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Community VirtualBox Community Page] or for live assistance try #vbox on irc.freenode.net in an [http://wiki.ubuntu.com/InternetRelayChat IRC] client.
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| ----
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| [[category:CategoryUbuntuTeams]]
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