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=需求=
=需求=
* 运行命令 lspci | grep -i nvidia 有一行输出。
* 运行命令 lspci | grep -i nvidia 有一行输出。
* 您需要下面的一个和多个功能: 3D 硬件加速,TV 输出的支持,双头显示器的支持。
* 您需要下面的一个和多个功能: 3D 硬件加速,TV-out 的支持,双头显示器的支持。


=安装=
=安装=

2007年8月21日 (二) 18:04的版本

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这是一份在一个有 NVIDIA 显卡的系统上安装 NVIDIA 驱动的指南。对于其他的显卡,请参考 UbuntuHelp:BinaryDriverHowto

需求

  • 运行命令 lspci | grep -i nvidia 有一行输出。
  • 您需要下面的一个和多个功能: 3D 硬件加速,TV-out 的支持,双头显示器的支持。

安装

7.04

对于 Ununtu 7.04(Feisty Fawn) 推荐的安装驱动的方式是使用 系统 -> 管理 ->受限驱动管理器"。这种方式将在 nvidia-glx-legacy(71xx 的驱动), nvidia-glx(96xx的驱动), nvidia-glx-new(在写这篇文章的时候还是 97xx 的驱动) 中自动选择您需要的正确的版本的驱动。(注: 受限驱动管理器可能在之前使用第三方工具比如 envy 安装驱动的机器上可能不能正常工作)。

安装之后的一个常见的问题是提供的屏幕分辨率比开源驱动提供的分辨率低了。Nvidia 的二进制驱动似乎在从监视器上探测这类信息的能力非常弱,它必须依靠 xorg.conf 中的额外信息来处理这个问题。在 Feisty 中这个信息默认没有写到 xorg.conf 中。请参考关于使用Nvidia 二进制驱动丢失分辨率信息的 bug 报告 还有 UbuntuHelp:FixVideoResolutionHowto 来得到进一步的信息和一些解决方式。

使用 GeForce Go 卡(或可能是其他的通过 DVI 连接的非笔记本专用卡)的笔记本用户常见的另一个问题是这个驱动有时会默认显示在外部的 CTR 套接字上。在笔记本黑屏的 lunchpad bug 报告中有描述,并且详细给出了修改 xorg.conf 的方法。通常您听到 ubuntu 的启动声但是看不到任何东西就暗示了您有这个问题。如果您没有听到启动声,那么几乎可以确定不是这个问题,因此,请不要在那个 bug 下面做新的注解。

如果上面的方法不能解决问题,试着检查本页尾部的 troubleshooting 疑难解决。如果这个方法仍然不能解决问题,或者您使用一个比 7.04 老的版本,或者您希望自己手工配置驱动,请看NVIDIA显卡支持列表 并继续读下去。

请注意: 非 Ubuntu 软件仓库的软件安装之后出现的任何问题都不应该在 lunchpad 的 bug 区报告。如果是从 NVIDIA 官方下载的驱动,那么请把问题提交到http://www.nvnews.net/vbulletin/forumdisplay.php?f=14 NVIDIA linux 论坛],这里是一个合适的地方,如果使用第三方工具,请联系第三方工具的官方获得支持。其他的驱动支持能够在 社区支持页面找到。

6.10 和更早的版本

允许restricted软件包

Note: If you are running Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) or later, the Restricted repositories might already be enabled. Also if you are running Kubuntu, gedit is not installed by default, so you should use kate instead of gedit.

The NVIDIA drivers are in the "restricted" section of the Ubuntu package repository, so before you will be able to install the drivers, you must enable this section on your system. If you are following the MythTV setup guide this should already be done.

  • Select the System menu at the top of the screen.
  • Select Administration then Synaptic Package Manager. Enter your password when prompted.
  • In the package manager, select the Settings menu, then Repositories.
  • In the Software Preferences dialog that comes up, click the Add button.
  • In the Edit Repository dialog, ensure that the Restricted copyright box is checked, then press OK.
  • Press OK to close the Software Preferences dialog, when Synaptic asks you to reload the package database, say yes.

You now have access to the many additional packages in the restricted section, including the NVIDIA driver packages.

注意:如果您正在运行的是 Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) 或以后版本,Restricted 软件库则已被允许。如果您正在运行 Kubuntu 的话,gedit 缺省是没有安装的,您可以使用 kate 来代替 gedit。

NVIDIA驱动位与Ubuntu软件仓库的 "restricted" 模块中.因此,在准备安装该驱动前,请在您的系统中允许 restricted 软件库.

  • 选择屏幕上方的系统菜单.
  • 选择系统管理, 新立得软件包管理器. 当提示消息时请输入密码.
  • 在软件包管理器中, 选择设置菜单,然后选择软件库.
  • 当出现软件源窗口时,点击添加按钮.
  • 在 编辑软件库 窗口中,请确保选择了 Restricted copyright 复选框,然后按下确定按钮.
  • 按下确定按钮以关闭软件源对话框, 当新立得软件包管理器问您是否重新加载软件源时,请选择 是 .

现在您可以添加很多额外的软件包了,NVIDIA驱动也包含在其中.

Install and activate drivers

Packages may be installed by right-clicking on the package and selecting Mark for Installation.

Note:

  • Click the Search button and search for "linux-restricted-modules". You must have restricted modules enabled (see above).
  • Find the appropriate module for your kernel. For example, if you have linux-image-amd64-k8 installed, then you should install linux-restricted-modules-amd64-k8. Selecting one will also install nvidia-kernel-common. (Note: you have to select the restricted modules first because the nvidia-glx package automatically installs the i386 one - and if you have a generic kernel image, the X will not work.)
  • Click the Search button and search for "nvidia".
  • You will install either nvidia-glx-legacy or nvidia-glx. If your graphics card is at the end of this list of cards (marked as "legacy"), you will need to install nvidia-glx-legacy. Otherwise, install nvidia-glx.
  • If you are going to compile 3D applications, install nvidia-glx-dev.
  • If you are running Hoary Hedgehog or Breezy Badger, then install nvidia-settings and nvidia-xconfig. DO NOT install either package in Ubuntu 6.06 LTS because it will remove nvidia-glx. These programs are now provided in nvidia-glx.
  • Click the Apply button to install the new packages.
  • Once Synaptic has finished applying your changes, exit the application.
  • Select the Applications menu at the top of the screen, then Accessories, then Terminal.
  • In the terminal window, if you are running Ubuntu 6.10 Edgy, type the following:
sudo nvidia-xconfig

If you are running an earlier version, type the following instead:

sudo nvidia-glx-config enable
  • Close all your applications, then press Ctrl-Alt-Backspace, or restart your computer, to restart the X server. If you see an NVIDIA splashscreen after hitting Ctrl-Alt-Backspace, your drivers are properly installed.

Nvidia Legacy Driver in 6.10

The above instructions did not work for me in Edgy on a GeForce 1 using the legacy drivers nvidia-glx-legacy 1.0.7184+2.6.17.6-1

I had to manually edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf and change

 Section "Device"
Identifier      "NVIDIA Corporation NV10DDR [GeForce 256 DDR]"
Driver          "nv"
BusID           "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSection 

to

 Section "Device"
Identifier      "NVIDIA Corporation NV10DDR [GeForce 256 DDR]"
Driver          "nvidia"
BusID           "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSection 

If Driver "nvidia" is not found in xorg.conf then attempting to modprobe nvidia will result in an error message (thus sudo nvidia-glx-config enable would not work for me). After this change, to allow OpenGL programs to run the following had to be added to the bottom of /etc/X11/xorg.conf :

 Section "Extensions"
Option  "Composite" "Disable"
EndSection

otherwise the following error occurred when running GL programs like glxinfo:

Xlib: extension "GLX" missing on display ":0.0".

This is not documented anywhere in the the legacy drivers (i.e. there is no mention of this in /usr/share/doc/nvidia-glx-legacy/*) but thankfully the following warning will appear in /var/log/Xorg.0.log:

(EE) GLX is not supported with the Composite extension

By default Composite is turned on and this will prevent OpenGL from working - the above stanza simply turns Composite off. These steps are only needed for the legacy driver. More information about this problem can be found in the launchpad bug about GLX being disabled on legacy drivers.


Remove the nVidia logotype

If you want to get rid of the nVidia logotype that shows up before your login screen you need to perform some manual edits in the Xorg configuration file.

  • Select the Applications menu at the top of the screen, then Accessories and then Terminal.
  • Type the following:
gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

or if you are using Kubuntu:

kdesu kate /etc/X11/xorg.conf
  • Find the line Driver "nvidia" in the Device section
  • Just after this line, add
Option		"NoLogo"
  • Save the file and exit
  • Close all your applications, then press Ctrl-Alt-Backspace to restart the X server. If the logotype is gone and everything seems to work you are done.

Anchor(troubleshooting)

Troubleshooting

  • NVIDIA recently changed (as of March 2007) which cards are supported by the unified driver and the legacy driver. You can find the release notes at NVIDIA's web site.
  • It seems that a reboot is sometimes necessary for these changes to take effect. If 3D acceleration isn't working, try this first.
  • If 3D acceleration still isn't working, be sure that you have the right version of linux-restricted-modules installed. It must match the version of the running kernel.
  • If you have the right version of linux-restricted-modules installed and 3D acceleration still isn't working, open your /etc/X11/xorg.conf file for editing with gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf or kdesu kate /etc/X11/xorg.conf if using Kubuntu. Be sure that the Driver entry under Section "Device" is set to "nvidia".
  • If suspend no longer works, see NvidiaLaptopBinaryDriverSuspend (this applies to desktops too).
  • You may need to activate the "kernel framebuffer device interface" in X server. Copy/paste the below command into the terminal. The terminal will then start stepping you through each configuration setting. Most of the settings can be left at their defaults by pressing the ENTER button, but when you get to "Select the desired X server driver" (question 2), make sure to select "nvidia" and NOT "nv". At question 7 ("Activate kernel framebuffer device interface?") select "yes". Finish the rest of the questions (the rest of the settings can be left at their defaults) and then restart X server (or just restart your computer). If, when you reboot, you can't see the login screen, but instead get a message saying "X server failed to start (etc. etc.)", you will start in text mode (white text on black background) and it will ask you to login. After logging you will still be in text mode. Retype the same command below (make sure to write it down!) and then the configuration sequence will start again. This time at the "Activate kernel framebuffer device interface?") select "no" then restart your computer and your login screen will be restored.
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg
  • If you get an error while loading NVIDIA module try to rebuild module dependencies by running depmod.
sudo depmod
  • If you're feeling frisky and decide to fiddle around with the X Server Options for your Device in /etc/X11/xorg.conf and Firefox refuses to load (returns segmentation fault when launched from a terminal), this line may be the culprit:
Option "NoRenderExtension" "On"

Either comment it out (using a # at the beginning the line) or set it to Off.

  • If you have problems with video playback, e.g. in mplayer, gxine, or mythtv frontend with a legacy card, it may be due to too high a color depth (e.g. using NT6 Vanta/Vanta LT nvidia driver, I experienced flickering vertical bars & blue screen flashing). To fix this, manually edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf and change DefaultDepth to 16.

See Also

Install Nvidia proprietary drivers, Howto @gwos

NvidiaMultiMonitors

Part of UserDocumentation