特殊:Badtitle/NS100:Installation/zh:修订间差异
小无编辑摘要 |
小 Ubuntu 安装 方法 |
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{{Translation}} | {{Translation}} {{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation}} {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Installation}} 下面这个向导将指导你如何安装Ubuntu。 | ||
{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation}} | |||
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Installation}} | * 大部分人会使用标准的安装过程。 | ||
* 如果你在安装时候出现问题或者需要不同的安装方法,请参考另外的章节。 | |||
* | |||
* | == 标准安装<br> == | ||
== | |||
安装Ubuntu,你将需要适当的硬件和一个安装CD。下面几个步骤会帮助你。 | |||
# 检查你的硬件是否能工作在Ubuntu下面并且符合Ubuntu的最小安装需求。(参考 [[UbuntuHelp:SupportedArchitectures|SupportedArchitectures]], Ubuntu:硬件支持和 [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/SystemRequirements|安装 /系统需求]]) | |||
# 获得一张安装CD。 (参考 [[UbuntuHelp:GettingUbuntu|获得Ubuntu]]) | |||
# 如果你下载了一份CD镜像,刻录成CD (参考 [[UbuntuHelp:BurningIsoHowto|如何刻录Iso]]) 并检查确保它正确的刻录。 (参考 [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/CDIntegrityCheck|安装/CD完整校验]]) | |||
# 通过从安装CD启动来安装Ubuntu。(参考 [[UbuntuHelp:GraphicalInstall|图型安装]]) | |||
== 使用Alternate CD安装 == | |||
如果你的计算机不能运行标准桌面安装CD,你可以使用一张''Alternate 安装 CD'' 来代替. 这张 Alternate CD 将允许更多高级的安装选项,这是桌面CD所没有的。 | |||
* 如果你有一台 '''x86 计算机''', 请参考 [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/I386|安装/I386]]。这是大多数人所使用的。 | |||
* 如果你使用'''AMD 64-bit 计算机''',请参考 [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/AMD64|安装/AMD64]]。 | |||
* 如果你使有的是 '''PowerPC (Apple Mac)''' 计算机,请参考 [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/PowerPC|安装/PowerPC]]。 | |||
* 如果你使用 '''SPARC''' 计算机,比如一台 UltraSPARC T1 (Niagara),请参考 [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/Sparc|安装/Sparc]]。 | |||
* 如果你使用 '''Sony Play''''''Station 3''',请参考 [[UbuntuHelp:PlayStation 3|PlayStation_3]]. | |||
== 不使用CD安装 == | |||
下面的列表将提供不使用CD或者CD驱动器的安装方法来安装Ubuntu。 | |||
* [[UbuntuHelp:SmartBootManagerHowto|SmartBootManagerHowto]] - 通过PC来安装,将不通过CD引导。 | |||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/FromUSBStick|Installation/FromUSBStick]] - 通过USB记忆棒来安装。 | |||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/FromCForUSBStick|Installation/FromCForUSBStick]] - 类似上面的但是使用的是''grub''。 | |||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/WithFloppies|Installation/WithFloppies]] -通过网络安装而不是CD。 | |||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/FromHardDriveWithFloppies|Installation/FromHardDriveWithFloppies]] - 通过硬盘安装而不是CD或者网络。 | |||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/FromWindows|Installation/FromWindows]] - 通过Windows安装,而不用软盘、CD或任何的可移动设备。 | |||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/FromLinux|Installation/FromLinux]] - 通过已存在的Linux系统使用Ubuntu CD镜像来安装到一个空白分区。 | |||
== Upgrading an installation == | == Upgrading an installation == | ||
If you have an older version of Ubuntu or some other Linux distribution, see below for notes on upgrading to a newer version of Ubuntu. | If you have an older version of Ubuntu or some other Linux distribution, see below for notes on upgrading to a newer version of Ubuntu. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/UpgradeFromOldVersion|Installation/UpgradeFromOldVersion]] - Upgrade from an older version of Ubuntu to the latest version. | * [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/UpgradeFromOldVersion|Installation/UpgradeFromOldVersion]] - Upgrade from an older version of Ubuntu to the latest version. | ||
* Ubuntu:WartyUpgradeNotes - Upgrading from a pre-release or Debian Woody to Warty Warthog. | * Ubuntu:WartyUpgradeNotes - Upgrading from a pre-release or Debian Woody to Warty Warthog. | ||
== Server and network installations == | == Server and network installations == | ||
If you would like to install Ubuntu over a network or the Internet, see the guides below for different ways (and different accounts of similar ways) that people have done this. | If you would like to install Ubuntu over a network or the Internet, see the guides below for different ways (and different accounts of similar ways) that people have done this. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/LocalNet|Installation/LocalNet]] - Installing from a local server, using DHCP, TFTP, and PXE. | * [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/LocalNet|Installation/LocalNet]] - Installing from a local server, using DHCP, TFTP, and PXE. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/Netboot|Installation/Netboot]] - Another description of installing over the net, with no CD-ROM drive or a non-bootable SCSI CD-ROM drive. | * [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/Netboot|Installation/Netboot]] - Another description of installing over the net, with no CD-ROM drive or a non-bootable SCSI CD-ROM drive. | ||
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* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/OverSSH|Installation/OverSSH]] - Installing on a dedicated server over ssh. | * [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/OverSSH|Installation/OverSSH]] - Installing on a dedicated server over ssh. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/WithFloppies|Installation/WithFloppies]] - Installing without a CD drive over a network. | * [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/WithFloppies|Installation/WithFloppies]] - Installing without a CD drive over a network. | ||
== Installing on external or RAID hard disks == | == Installing on external or RAID hard disks == | ||
If you would like to install Ubuntu on an external hard disk or a RAID array, see the guides below for instructions. | If you would like to install Ubuntu on an external hard disk or a RAID array, see the guides below for instructions. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:BootFromFirewireHardDisk|BootFromFirewireHardDisk]] - Booting Linux from a Firewire hard disk. | * [[UbuntuHelp:BootFromFirewireHardDisk|BootFromFirewireHardDisk]] - Booting Linux from a Firewire hard disk. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:BootFromUSB|BootFromUSB]] - Booting an Ubuntu system on a USB hard disk on computers which cannot boot from USB (using a boot CD). | * [[UbuntuHelp:BootFromUSB|BootFromUSB]] - Booting an Ubuntu system on a USB hard disk on computers which cannot boot from USB (using a boot CD). | ||
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* [[UbuntuHelp:FakeRaidHowto|FakeRaidHowto]] - Installing onto a BIOS RAID array. | * [[UbuntuHelp:FakeRaidHowto|FakeRaidHowto]] - Installing onto a BIOS RAID array. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:How to dual-boot Ubuntu and XP after installing them separately on two HDs|How to dual-boot Ubuntu and XP after installing them separately on two HDs]] - If you really want to keep XP and Ubuntu on separate hard drives. | * [[UbuntuHelp:How to dual-boot Ubuntu and XP after installing them separately on two HDs|How to dual-boot Ubuntu and XP after installing them separately on two HDs]] - If you really want to keep XP and Ubuntu on separate hard drives. | ||
== Minimal installations == | == Minimal installations == | ||
If you have an older computer or a computer with a small amount of memory, see the guides below for help on installing Ubuntu. | If you have an older computer or a computer with a small amount of memory, see the guides below for help on installing Ubuntu. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/LowMemorySystems|Installation/LowMemorySystems]] - Install Ubuntu on older computers with low memory. | * [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/LowMemorySystems|Installation/LowMemorySystems]] - Install Ubuntu on older computers with low memory. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:LowEndSystemSupport|LowEndSystemSupport]] - Making the desktop interface snappier on machines with low memory. | * [[UbuntuHelp:LowEndSystemSupport|LowEndSystemSupport]] - Making the desktop interface snappier on machines with low memory. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/MinimalCD|Installation/MinimalCD]] - From a minimal CD that downloads packages during install. | * [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/MinimalCD|Installation/MinimalCD]] - From a minimal CD that downloads packages during install. | ||
== Other installation guides == | == Other installation guides == | ||
The guides below cover several different topics which concern installation. | The guides below cover several different topics which concern installation. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:VirtualMachines|VirtualMachines]] - Using Ubuntu with [[UbuntuHelp:VMware|VMware]] and XEN. | * [[UbuntuHelp:VirtualMachines|VirtualMachines]] - Using Ubuntu with [[UbuntuHelp:VMware|VMware]] and XEN. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:WindowsDualBoot|WindowsDualBoot]] - Install Ubuntu on the same hard drive as an existing Windows installation. | * [[UbuntuHelp:WindowsDualBoot|WindowsDualBoot]] - Install Ubuntu on the same hard drive as an existing Windows installation. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:MigratingFromWindows|MigratingFromWindows]] - Instructions on how to transfer data from common Windows applications to their Ubuntu equivalents. | * [[UbuntuHelp:MigratingFromWindows|MigratingFromWindows]] - Instructions on how to transfer data from common Windows applications to their Ubuntu equivalents. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:SwitchingFromWindows|SwitchingFromWindows]] - Guidance on switching from Windows to Ubuntu and getting used to the differences. | * [[UbuntuHelp:SwitchingFromWindows|SwitchingFromWindows]] - Guidance on switching from Windows to Ubuntu and getting used to the differences. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp: | * [[UbuntuHelp:Forum/installation/Partitioning|Partitioning]] - Safely split your hard drive into smaller parts. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/32bitonAMD64|Installation/32bitonAMD64]] - Guide to getting past boot errors when installing Ubuntu i386 on an AMD 64-bit system | * [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/32bitonAMD64|Installation/32bitonAMD64]] - Guide to getting past boot errors when installing Ubuntu i386 on an AMD 64-bit system | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:InstallCDCustomization|InstallCDCustomization]] - Customize the Ubuntu Alternative Installer/Server installation CD. | * [[UbuntuHelp:InstallCDCustomization|InstallCDCustomization]] - Customize the Ubuntu Alternative Installer/Server installation CD. | ||
* Ubuntu:Booting - An explanation of the boot process and boot device issues. | * Ubuntu:Booting - An explanation of the boot process and boot device issues. | ||
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/FromKnoppix|Installation/FromKnoppix]] - Instructions on installing from Knoppix, if the Ubuntu installer will not work. | * [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/FromKnoppix|Installation/FromKnoppix]] - Instructions on installing from Knoppix, if the Ubuntu installer will not work. | ||
---- | ---- | ||
[[ | [[Category:CategoryDocumentation]] [[Category:UbuntuHelp]] |
2008年4月1日 (二) 13:22的版本
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下面这个向导将指导你如何安装Ubuntu。
- 大部分人会使用标准的安装过程。
- 如果你在安装时候出现问题或者需要不同的安装方法,请参考另外的章节。
标准安装
安装Ubuntu,你将需要适当的硬件和一个安装CD。下面几个步骤会帮助你。
- 检查你的硬件是否能工作在Ubuntu下面并且符合Ubuntu的最小安装需求。(参考 SupportedArchitectures, Ubuntu:硬件支持和 安装 /系统需求)
- 获得一张安装CD。 (参考 获得Ubuntu)
- 如果你下载了一份CD镜像,刻录成CD (参考 如何刻录Iso) 并检查确保它正确的刻录。 (参考 安装/CD完整校验)
- 通过从安装CD启动来安装Ubuntu。(参考 图型安装)
使用Alternate CD安装
如果你的计算机不能运行标准桌面安装CD,你可以使用一张Alternate 安装 CD 来代替. 这张 Alternate CD 将允许更多高级的安装选项,这是桌面CD所没有的。
- 如果你有一台 x86 计算机, 请参考 安装/I386。这是大多数人所使用的。
- 如果你使用AMD 64-bit 计算机,请参考 安装/AMD64。
- 如果你使有的是 PowerPC (Apple Mac) 计算机,请参考 安装/PowerPC。
- 如果你使用 SPARC 计算机,比如一台 UltraSPARC T1 (Niagara),请参考 安装/Sparc。
- 如果你使用 Sony Play'Station 3',请参考 PlayStation_3.
不使用CD安装
下面的列表将提供不使用CD或者CD驱动器的安装方法来安装Ubuntu。
- SmartBootManagerHowto - 通过PC来安装,将不通过CD引导。
- Installation/FromUSBStick - 通过USB记忆棒来安装。
- Installation/FromCForUSBStick - 类似上面的但是使用的是grub。
- Installation/WithFloppies -通过网络安装而不是CD。
- Installation/FromHardDriveWithFloppies - 通过硬盘安装而不是CD或者网络。
- Installation/FromWindows - 通过Windows安装,而不用软盘、CD或任何的可移动设备。
- Installation/FromLinux - 通过已存在的Linux系统使用Ubuntu CD镜像来安装到一个空白分区。
Upgrading an installation
If you have an older version of Ubuntu or some other Linux distribution, see below for notes on upgrading to a newer version of Ubuntu.
- Installation/UpgradeFromOldVersion - Upgrade from an older version of Ubuntu to the latest version.
- Ubuntu:WartyUpgradeNotes - Upgrading from a pre-release or Debian Woody to Warty Warthog.
Server and network installations
If you would like to install Ubuntu over a network or the Internet, see the guides below for different ways (and different accounts of similar ways) that people have done this.
- Installation/LocalNet - Installing from a local server, using DHCP, TFTP, and PXE.
- Installation/Netboot - Another description of installing over the net, with no CD-ROM drive or a non-bootable SCSI CD-ROM drive.
- Installation/OnNFSDrive - Installing on a NFS-server and using with diskless clients.
- Installation/OnNFSDriveWithLocalBoot - Installing on an NFS-server with a local /boot (e.g. Booting from CompactFlash for a silent media center PC).
- Installation/OverSSH - Installing on a dedicated server over ssh.
- Installation/WithFloppies - Installing without a CD drive over a network.
Installing on external or RAID hard disks
If you would like to install Ubuntu on an external hard disk or a RAID array, see the guides below for instructions.
- BootFromFirewireHardDisk - Booting Linux from a Firewire hard disk.
- BootFromUSB - Booting an Ubuntu system on a USB hard disk on computers which cannot boot from USB (using a boot CD).
- Ubuntu:LiveUsbPendrivePersistent - Installing Ubuntu or Kubuntu on a USB pendrive with persistent mode.
- Installation/LVMOnRaid - Installing onto a Software RAID Array, with all partitions on RAID and LVM (including root and boot).
- FakeRaidHowto - Installing onto a BIOS RAID array.
- How to dual-boot Ubuntu and XP after installing them separately on two HDs - If you really want to keep XP and Ubuntu on separate hard drives.
Minimal installations
If you have an older computer or a computer with a small amount of memory, see the guides below for help on installing Ubuntu.
- Installation/LowMemorySystems - Install Ubuntu on older computers with low memory.
- LowEndSystemSupport - Making the desktop interface snappier on machines with low memory.
- Installation/MinimalCD - From a minimal CD that downloads packages during install.
Other installation guides
The guides below cover several different topics which concern installation.
- VirtualMachines - Using Ubuntu with VMware and XEN.
- WindowsDualBoot - Install Ubuntu on the same hard drive as an existing Windows installation.
- MigratingFromWindows - Instructions on how to transfer data from common Windows applications to their Ubuntu equivalents.
- SwitchingFromWindows - Guidance on switching from Windows to Ubuntu and getting used to the differences.
- Partitioning - Safely split your hard drive into smaller parts.
- Installation/32bitonAMD64 - Guide to getting past boot errors when installing Ubuntu i386 on an AMD 64-bit system
- InstallCDCustomization - Customize the Ubuntu Alternative Installer/Server installation CD.
- Ubuntu:Booting - An explanation of the boot process and boot device issues.
- Installation/FromKnoppix - Instructions on installing from Knoppix, if the Ubuntu installer will not work.