特殊:Badtitle/NS100:BootOptions:修订间差异
小无编辑摘要 |
小无编辑摘要 |
||
第1行: | 第1行: | ||
{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions}} | {{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions}} | ||
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:BootOptions}} | {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:BootOptions}} | ||
=== Boot Options === | === Boot Options === | ||
==== When and How to Use ==== | ==== When and How to Use ==== | ||
There are at least major two cases where one may wish to use boot options. | There are at least major two cases where one may wish to use boot options. | ||
Case 1: When trying to install, and the install freezes. | Case 1: When trying to install, and the install freezes. | ||
Case 2: After a system has been installed and does not boot or the system needs adjustment. | Case 2: After a system has been installed and does not boot or the system needs adjustment. | ||
==== When installing ==== | ==== When installing ==== | ||
When your installer/live CD loads you will come to this page: | When your installer/live CD loads you will come to this page: | ||
http://i18.tinypic.com/6tzzndc.jpg | |||
http:// | |||
Go ahead and hit the '''F6''' key. | Go ahead and hit the '''F6''' key. | ||
After you hit '''F6''' you will see a screen that looks like this: | After you hit '''F6''' you will see a screen that looks like this: | ||
http://i16.tinypic.com/7wonyxj.jpg | |||
http:// | |||
Simply append the options you want to the end of the line. This will mean that you get to turn off or alter the way the machine boots. Here is an example of adding an option: | Simply append the options you want to the end of the line. This will mean that you get to turn off or alter the way the machine boots. Here is an example of adding an option: | ||
http://i17.tinypic.com/8bz22ir.jpg | |||
http:// | |||
==== For Installed Systems That Need Adjustment ==== | ==== For Installed Systems That Need Adjustment ==== | ||
This will explain how to edit the grub menu entries on the fly (not permanently). | This will explain how to edit the grub menu entries on the fly (not permanently). | ||
This assumes of course that have installed grub, the default boot loader in Ubuntu. (This article does not deal with alternatives like lilo.) | This assumes of course that have installed grub, the default boot loader in Ubuntu. (This article does not deal with alternatives like lilo.) | ||
As the machine starts to boot you get a Grub message, at this time press the '''ESC''' key. | As the machine starts to boot you get a Grub message, at this time press the '''ESC''' key. | ||
This drops you to a text menu. | This drops you to a text menu. | ||
Choose the boot option you want to work with. | Choose the boot option you want to work with. | ||
Navigate using the the up and down arrow keys. (Cursor key.) | Navigate using the the up and down arrow keys. (Cursor key.) | ||
When you have selected the menu item press 'e'. | When you have selected the menu item press 'e'. | ||
Then you will be presented with a "root" line on the first line. | Then you will be presented with a "root" line on the first line. | ||
You must then move to the "kernel" line one down from there with the down arrow. | You must then move to the "kernel" line one down from there with the down arrow. | ||
then again you press 'e'. | then again you press 'e'. | ||
Go to the end of the line (ctrl-E) and add the command from below. | Go to the end of the line (ctrl-E) and add the command from below. | ||
Press the enter key when you are done with the changes, and finally press 'b' to boot. | Press the enter key when you are done with the changes, and finally press 'b' to boot. | ||
Your machine will now hopefully boot. | Your machine will now hopefully boot. | ||
=== Options for the boot command line. === | === Options for the boot command line. === | ||
This list is not comprehensive but it contains some of the common options. | This list is not comprehensive but it contains some of the common options. | ||
When presented with the text on the screen "boot:" then the options below can be given. | When presented with the text on the screen "boot:" then the options below can be given. | ||
They must have the kernel name before the option. | They must have the kernel name before the option. | ||
Example: Adding the vga=771 option | Example: Adding the vga=771 option | ||
boot: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet splash | boot: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet splash | ||
boot: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet splash vga=771 | boot: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet splash vga=771 | ||
Options can be used together such as in this example: | Options can be used together such as in this example: | ||
/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet splash noapic nolapic | /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet splash noapic nolapic | ||
==== Kernel Options ==== | ==== Kernel Options ==== | ||
These options are used by the kernel, and will apply to any system at any time. | These options are used by the kernel, and will apply to any system at any time. | ||
===== Option: vga=xxx ===== | ===== Option: vga=xxx ===== | ||
Impact: Set your [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_framebuffer framebuffer] resolution to VESA mode xxx. Check [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VESA_BIOS_Extensions#Linux_video_mode_numbers here] for a list of possible modes. | Impact: Set your [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_framebuffer framebuffer] resolution to VESA mode xxx. Check [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VESA_BIOS_Extensions#Linux_video_mode_numbers here] for a list of possible modes. | ||
===== Option: acpi=off OR noacpi ===== | ===== Option: acpi=off OR noacpi ===== | ||
Impact: This parameter disables the whole ACPI system. This may prove very useful, for example, if your computer does not support ACPI or if you think the ACPI implementation might cause some problems (for instance random reboots or system lockups). | Impact: This parameter disables the whole ACPI system. This may prove very useful, for example, if your computer does not support ACPI or if you think the ACPI implementation might cause some problems (for instance random reboots or system lockups). | ||
===== Option: acpi=force ===== | ===== Option: acpi=force ===== | ||
Impact: Activates the ACPI system even if your computer BIOS date is older than 2000. This parameter overwrites acpi=off and can also be used with current hardware if the ACPI support is not activated despite apm=off. | Impact: Activates the ACPI system even if your computer BIOS date is older than 2000. This parameter overwrites acpi=off and can also be used with current hardware if the ACPI support is not activated despite apm=off. | ||
===== Option: pci=noacpi OR acpi=noirq ===== | ===== Option: pci=noacpi OR acpi=noirq ===== | ||
Impact: These parameters disable the PCI IRQ routing | Impact: These parameters disable the PCI IRQ routing | ||
===== Option: pci=acpi ===== | ===== Option: pci=acpi ===== | ||
Impact: This parameter activates the PCI IRQ routing | Impact: This parameter activates the PCI IRQ routing | ||
===== Option: acpi_irq_balance ===== | ===== Option: acpi_irq_balance ===== | ||
Impact: ACPI is allowed to use PIC interrupts to minimize the common use of IRQs. | Impact: ACPI is allowed to use PIC interrupts to minimize the common use of IRQs. | ||
===== Option: acpi_irq_nobalance ===== | ===== Option: acpi_irq_nobalance ===== | ||
Impact: ACPI is not allowed to use PIC interrupts. | Impact: ACPI is not allowed to use PIC interrupts. | ||
===== Option: acpi=oldboot ===== | ===== Option: acpi=oldboot ===== | ||
Impact: Deactivates the ACPI system almost completely; only the components required for the boot process will be used. | Impact: Deactivates the ACPI system almost completely; only the components required for the boot process will be used. | ||
===== Option: acpi=ht ===== | ===== Option: acpi=ht ===== | ||
Impact Deactivates the ACPI system almost completely; only the components required for hyper threading will be used. | Impact Deactivates the ACPI system almost completely; only the components required for hyper threading will be used. | ||
===== Option: noapic ===== | ===== Option: noapic ===== | ||
Impact: Disable the "Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC)". | Impact: Disable the "Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC)". | ||
===== Option: nolapic ===== | ===== Option: nolapic ===== | ||
Impact: Disable the "local APIC". | Impact: Disable the "local APIC". | ||
===== Option: apm=off OR noapm ===== | ===== Option: apm=off OR noapm ===== | ||
Impact: Disable the Advanced Power Management. | Impact: Disable the Advanced Power Management. | ||
===== Option: irqpoll ===== | ===== Option: irqpoll ===== | ||
Impact: Changes the way the kernel handles interrupt calls (set it to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous_I/O polling]). Can be useful in case of hardware interrupt issues. | Impact: Changes the way the kernel handles interrupt calls (set it to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous_I/O polling]). Can be useful in case of hardware interrupt issues. | ||
==== Installer options (user-land) ==== | ==== Installer options (user-land) ==== | ||
These options are usually used when installing a system, and are picked up by the installer program or start-up scripts, and not by the kernel. | These options are usually used when installing a system, and are picked up by the installer program or start-up scripts, and not by the kernel. | ||
===== Option: debian-installer/framebuffer=false ===== | ===== Option: debian-installer/framebuffer=false ===== | ||
Impact: Disable framebuffer. | Impact: Disable framebuffer. | ||
===== Option: hw-detect/start_pcmcia=false ===== | ===== Option: hw-detect/start_pcmcia=false ===== | ||
Impact: Don't start PCMCIA. Personal Computer Memory Card International Association, one of the stranger names for a piece of hardware. :-) Your hardware is an association. | Impact: Don't start PCMCIA. Personal Computer Memory Card International Association, one of the stranger names for a piece of hardware. :-) Your hardware is an association. | ||
===== Option: netcfg/disable_dhcp=true ===== | ===== Option: netcfg/disable_dhcp=true ===== | ||
Impact: Force static network config. | Impact: Force static network config. | ||
===== Option: bootkbd=uk ===== | ===== Option: bootkbd=uk ===== | ||
Impact: Set keyboard map. Use a two letter ISO country code to get the right letters on the right keys. This option can help with password problems. | Impact: Set keyboard map. Use a two letter ISO country code to get the right letters on the right keys. This option can help with password problems. | ||
(This list is far from complete, please feel free to add some options.) | (This list is far from complete, please feel free to add some options.) | ||
=== Permanent changes === | === Permanent changes === | ||
Once you know you need to boot with a special option on your installed system, you'll have to edit the file /boot/grub/menu.lst to make the boot option permanent. | Once you know you need to boot with a special option on your installed system, you'll have to edit the file /boot/grub/menu.lst to make the boot option permanent. | ||
To to this please do the following: | To to this please do the following: | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
sudo nano /boot/grub/menu.lst | sudo nano /boot/grub/menu.lst | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
Add the option to the line that starts with "# kopt=". Then run | Add the option to the line that starts with "# kopt=". Then run | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
第142行: | 第87行: | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
to have the menu entries updated. | to have the menu entries updated. | ||
NB! If you instead edit the menu entries directly, your changes will magically disappear the next time <code><nowiki>update-grub</nowiki></code> is run, for instance when system packages are updated. | NB! If you instead edit the menu entries directly, your changes will magically disappear the next time <code><nowiki>update-grub</nowiki></code> is run, for instance when system packages are updated. | ||
[[category:UbuntuHelp]] | [[category:UbuntuHelp]] |
2007年11月30日 (五) 16:21的版本
文章出处: |
{{#if: | {{{2}}} | https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions }} |
点击翻译: |
English {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/af | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|Afrikaans| [[::BootOptions/af|Afrikaans]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/ar | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|العربية| [[::BootOptions/ar|العربية]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/az | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|azərbaycanca| [[::BootOptions/az|azərbaycanca]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/bcc | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|جهلسری بلوچی| [[::BootOptions/bcc|جهلسری بلوچی]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/bg | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|български| [[::BootOptions/bg|български]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/br | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|brezhoneg| [[::BootOptions/br|brezhoneg]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/ca | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|català| [[::BootOptions/ca|català]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/cs | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|čeština| [[::BootOptions/cs|čeština]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/de | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|Deutsch| [[::BootOptions/de|Deutsch]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/el | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|Ελληνικά| [[::BootOptions/el|Ελληνικά]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/es | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|español| [[::BootOptions/es|español]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/fa | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|فارسی| [[::BootOptions/fa|فارسی]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/fi | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|suomi| [[::BootOptions/fi|suomi]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/fr | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|français| [[::BootOptions/fr|français]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/gu | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|ગુજરાતી| [[::BootOptions/gu|ગુજરાતી]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/he | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|עברית| [[::BootOptions/he|עברית]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/hu | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|magyar| [[::BootOptions/hu|magyar]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/id | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|Bahasa Indonesia| [[::BootOptions/id|Bahasa Indonesia]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/it | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|italiano| [[::BootOptions/it|italiano]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/ja | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|日本語| [[::BootOptions/ja|日本語]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/ko | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|한국어| [[::BootOptions/ko|한국어]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/ksh | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|Ripoarisch| [[::BootOptions/ksh|Ripoarisch]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/mr | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|मराठी| [[::BootOptions/mr|मराठी]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/ms | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|Bahasa Melayu| [[::BootOptions/ms|Bahasa Melayu]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/nl | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|Nederlands| [[::BootOptions/nl|Nederlands]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/no | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|norsk| [[::BootOptions/no|norsk]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/oc | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|occitan| [[::BootOptions/oc|occitan]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/pl | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|polski| [[::BootOptions/pl|polski]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/pt | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|português| [[::BootOptions/pt|português]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/ro | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|română| [[::BootOptions/ro|română]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/ru | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|русский| [[::BootOptions/ru|русский]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/si | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|සිංහල| [[::BootOptions/si|සිංහල]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/sq | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|shqip| [[::BootOptions/sq|shqip]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/sr | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|српски / srpski| [[::BootOptions/sr|српски / srpski]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/sv | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|svenska| [[::BootOptions/sv|svenska]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/th | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|ไทย| [[::BootOptions/th|ไทย]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/tr | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|Türkçe| [[::BootOptions/tr|Türkçe]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/vi | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|Tiếng Việt| [[::BootOptions/vi|Tiếng Việt]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/yue | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|粵語| [[::BootOptions/yue|粵語]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/zh | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|中文| [[::BootOptions/zh|中文]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/zh-hans | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|中文(简体)| [[::BootOptions/zh-hans|中文(简体)]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | UbuntuHelp:BootOptions | {{#if: | :}}BootOptions}}/zh-hant | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|中文(繁體)| [[::BootOptions/zh-hant|中文(繁體)]]}}|}} |
{{#ifeq:UbuntuHelp:BootOptions|:BootOptions|请不要直接编辑翻译本页,本页将定期与来源同步。}} |
{{#ifexist: :BootOptions/zh | | {{#ifexist: BootOptions/zh | | {{#ifeq: {{#titleparts:BootOptions|1|-1|}} | zh | | }} }} }} {{#ifeq: {{#titleparts:BootOptions|1|-1|}} | zh | | }}
Boot Options
When and How to Use
There are at least major two cases where one may wish to use boot options. Case 1: When trying to install, and the install freezes. Case 2: After a system has been installed and does not boot or the system needs adjustment.
When installing
When your installer/live CD loads you will come to this page: Go ahead and hit the F6 key. After you hit F6 you will see a screen that looks like this: Simply append the options you want to the end of the line. This will mean that you get to turn off or alter the way the machine boots. Here is an example of adding an option:
For Installed Systems That Need Adjustment
This will explain how to edit the grub menu entries on the fly (not permanently). This assumes of course that have installed grub, the default boot loader in Ubuntu. (This article does not deal with alternatives like lilo.) As the machine starts to boot you get a Grub message, at this time press the ESC key. This drops you to a text menu. Choose the boot option you want to work with. Navigate using the the up and down arrow keys. (Cursor key.) When you have selected the menu item press 'e'. Then you will be presented with a "root" line on the first line. You must then move to the "kernel" line one down from there with the down arrow. then again you press 'e'. Go to the end of the line (ctrl-E) and add the command from below. Press the enter key when you are done with the changes, and finally press 'b' to boot. Your machine will now hopefully boot.
Options for the boot command line.
This list is not comprehensive but it contains some of the common options. When presented with the text on the screen "boot:" then the options below can be given. They must have the kernel name before the option. Example: Adding the vga=771 option boot: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet splash boot: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet splash vga=771 Options can be used together such as in this example: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet splash noapic nolapic
Kernel Options
These options are used by the kernel, and will apply to any system at any time.
Option: vga=xxx
Impact: Set your framebuffer resolution to VESA mode xxx. Check here for a list of possible modes.
Option: acpi=off OR noacpi
Impact: This parameter disables the whole ACPI system. This may prove very useful, for example, if your computer does not support ACPI or if you think the ACPI implementation might cause some problems (for instance random reboots or system lockups).
Option: acpi=force
Impact: Activates the ACPI system even if your computer BIOS date is older than 2000. This parameter overwrites acpi=off and can also be used with current hardware if the ACPI support is not activated despite apm=off.
Option: pci=noacpi OR acpi=noirq
Impact: These parameters disable the PCI IRQ routing
Option: pci=acpi
Impact: This parameter activates the PCI IRQ routing
Option: acpi_irq_balance
Impact: ACPI is allowed to use PIC interrupts to minimize the common use of IRQs.
Option: acpi_irq_nobalance
Impact: ACPI is not allowed to use PIC interrupts.
Option: acpi=oldboot
Impact: Deactivates the ACPI system almost completely; only the components required for the boot process will be used.
Option: acpi=ht
Impact Deactivates the ACPI system almost completely; only the components required for hyper threading will be used.
Option: noapic
Impact: Disable the "Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC)".
Option: nolapic
Impact: Disable the "local APIC".
Option: apm=off OR noapm
Impact: Disable the Advanced Power Management.
Option: irqpoll
Impact: Changes the way the kernel handles interrupt calls (set it to polling). Can be useful in case of hardware interrupt issues.
Installer options (user-land)
These options are usually used when installing a system, and are picked up by the installer program or start-up scripts, and not by the kernel.
Option: debian-installer/framebuffer=false
Impact: Disable framebuffer.
Option: hw-detect/start_pcmcia=false
Impact: Don't start PCMCIA. Personal Computer Memory Card International Association, one of the stranger names for a piece of hardware. :-) Your hardware is an association.
Option: netcfg/disable_dhcp=true
Impact: Force static network config.
Option: bootkbd=uk
Impact: Set keyboard map. Use a two letter ISO country code to get the right letters on the right keys. This option can help with password problems. (This list is far from complete, please feel free to add some options.)
Permanent changes
Once you know you need to boot with a special option on your installed system, you'll have to edit the file /boot/grub/menu.lst to make the boot option permanent. To to this please do the following:
sudo nano /boot/grub/menu.lst
Add the option to the line that starts with "# kopt=". Then run
sudo update-grub
to have the menu entries updated.
NB! If you instead edit the menu entries directly, your changes will magically disappear the next time update-grub
is run, for instance when system packages are updated.