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signal(信号)
signal(信号)
: A mechanism by which a process may be notified by the kernel of an event occurring in the system.  
: A mechanism by which a process may be notified by the kernel of an event occurring in the system.  
: 一种机制,通过这种机制系统内核中发生的事件可以通知到一个进程。


special builtin
special builtin(特殊内置指令)
: A shell builtin command that has been classified as special by the POSIX standard.  
: A shell builtin command that has been classified as special by the POSIX standard.  
: 也是shell的内置指令, 它被POSIX标准分类为特殊。


token
token

2016年6月27日 (一) 16:12的版本

These definitions are used throughout the remainder of this manual.

这些定义将在本手册的其余部分使用到。

POSIX(可移植操作系统接口)

A family of open system standards based on Unix. Bash is primarily concerned with the Shell and Utilities portion of the POSIX 1003.1 standard.
基于Unix家族的一个开放系统标准。Bash主要关心POSIX 1003.1标准的Shell以及工具部分。

blank

A space or tab character.
一个空格(space)或制表符(tab)。

builtin(内建/嵌入)

A command that is implemented internally by the shell itself, rather than by an executable program somewhere in the file system.
一个由shell自己内部实现的的命令,它不是一个存储于文件系统中的可执行程序。

control operator(控制操作符)

A token that performs a control function. It is a newline or one of the following: ‘||’, ‘&&’, ‘&’, ‘;’, ‘;;’, ‘|’, ‘|&’, ‘(’, or ‘)’.
一个记号并执行一个控制功能。它是一个换行符或以下东东:‘||’, ‘&&’, ‘&’, ‘;’, ‘;;’, ‘|’, ‘|&’, ‘(’, or ‘)’。

exit status(退出状态)

The value returned by a command to its caller. The value is restricted to eight bits, so the maximum value is 255.
由命令返回该值到它的调用者。此值限于一个8比特值,所以它的最大值是255。

field(字段)

A unit of text that is the result of one of the shell expansions. After expansion, when executing a command, the resulting fields are used as the command name and arguments.
一个文本单位是该shell扩展的结果。扩展之后,当执行一个命令时,这个结果字段被用作命令名或参数。

filename

A string of characters used to identify a file.
由字符组成的字符串用于识别一个文件。

job(作业)

A set of processes comprising a pipeline, and any processes descended from it, that are all in the same process group.
由一组操作组成的操作流水,它的任何后裔操作均属于同一个操作组。

job control(作业控制)

A mechanism by which users can selectively stop (suspend) and restart (resume) execution of processes.
一套机制,用户可以选择性地停止和重启操作的执行。

metacharacter(元字符)

A character that, when unquoted, separates words. A metacharacter is a blank or one of the following characters: ‘|’, ‘&’, ‘;’, ‘(’, ‘)’, ‘<’, or ‘>’.
当一个字符,当它未被引号引用,或者是单独出现。一个元字符可以是一个空格或以下单个出现的字符:‘|’,‘&’,‘;’,‘(’, ‘)’,‘<’ 或者 ‘>’。

name(名称)

A word consisting solely of letters, numbers, and underscores, and beginning with a letter or underscore. Names are used as shell variable and function names. Also referred to as an identifier.
一个仅由字母、数字及下划线组成的词,名字被用于shell的变量及函数名称。也被认为是一个标识符。

operator(操作符)

A control operator or a redirection operator. See Redirections, for a list of redirection operators. Operators contain at least one unquoted metacharacter.
一个控制操作符或者一个重定向符。参看Redirections(重定向操作列表)。 操作符包括至少一个未引用元字符。

process group(进程组)

A collection of related processes each having the same process group ID.
相关进程的集合,它们有相同的进程组ID。

process group ID(进程组ID)

A unique identifier that represents a process group during its lifetime.
一个进程组在它的生命期内的一个唯一的标识。

reserved word(保留字)

A word that has a special meaning to the shell. Most reserved words introduce shell flow control constructs, such as for and while.
一个对shell有特定意义的词。多数保留字与shell流程控制结构相关,例如for以及while。

return status(返回状态)

A synonym for exit status.
退出状态(exit status)的同义词。

signal(信号)

A mechanism by which a process may be notified by the kernel of an event occurring in the system.
一种机制,通过这种机制系统内核中发生的事件可以通知到一个进程。

special builtin(特殊内置指令)

A shell builtin command that has been classified as special by the POSIX standard.
也是shell的内置指令, 它被POSIX标准分类为特殊。

token

A sequence of characters considered a single unit by the shell. It is either a word or an operator.

word

A sequence of characters treated as a unit by the shell. Words may not include unquoted metacharacters.