特殊:Badtitle/NS100:LiveCDCustomization:修订间差异
小无编辑摘要 |
小无编辑摘要 |
||
第3行: | 第3行: | ||
== How to Customize the Ubuntu Desktop CD == | == How to Customize the Ubuntu Desktop CD == | ||
You may wish to customize the Ubuntu Desktop (live) CD to: | You may wish to customize the Ubuntu Desktop (live) CD to: | ||
* make your own Linux / Ubuntu distribution | |||
* show off a particular application | * show off a particular application | ||
* localize to a certain language | * localize to a certain language | ||
第9行: | 第10行: | ||
* update software packages | * update software packages | ||
* change system defaults (theme, icons, desktop background, panels, browser homepage, etc) | * change system defaults (theme, icons, desktop background, panels, browser homepage, etc) | ||
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=warning.png This guide is for the Desktop/Live CD; there is another page | https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=warning.png This guide is for the Desktop/Live CD; there is another page referring to [[UbuntuHelp:InstallCDCustomization| customization of the Alternative Install or Server Install CD]]. | ||
== System Requirements == | == System Requirements == | ||
* At least 3-5 GB of free space | * At least 3-5 GB of free space | ||
第20行: | 第21行: | ||
First, make sure that you have installed the needed tools | First, make sure that you have installed the needed tools | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
sudo | sudo aptitude install squashfs-tools genisoimage | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
Load the squashfs module | Load the squashfs module | ||
第27行: | 第28行: | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
You need to download an official Desktop CD from http://releases.ubuntu.com/ | You need to download an official Desktop CD from http://releases.ubuntu.com/ | ||
Note: the example shown here uses the ubuntu-8. | Note: the example shown here uses the ubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso Desktop CD | ||
Move or copy it into an empty directory | Move or copy it into an empty directory | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
mkdir ~/live | mkdir ~/live | ||
mv ubuntu-8. | mv ubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso ~/live | ||
cd ~/live | cd ~/live | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
第38行: | 第39行: | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
mkdir mnt | mkdir mnt | ||
sudo mount -o loop ubuntu-8. | sudo mount -o loop ubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso mnt | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
Extract .iso contents into dir 'extract-cd' | Extract .iso contents into dir 'extract-cd' | ||
第85行: | 第86行: | ||
When you want to remove packages remember to use purge | When you want to remove packages remember to use purge | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
aptitude purge package-name | |||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
==== Custom Background for GNOME ==== | ==== Custom Background for GNOME ==== | ||
第92行: | 第93行: | ||
</li><li>'''/usr/share/gconf/defaults/16_ubuntu-artwork''' or other files in the same directory. by changing the string '''/usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png''' to point to your file</li></ol> | </li><li>'''/usr/share/gconf/defaults/16_ubuntu-artwork''' or other files in the same directory. by changing the string '''/usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png''' to point to your file</li></ol> | ||
Eventually change or add attributes to other configuration files such as: '''/var/lib/gconf/debian.defaults/%gconf-tree.xml''' or '''/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults/%gconf-tree.xml'''). | Eventually change or add attributes to other configuration files such as: '''/var/lib/gconf/debian.defaults/%gconf-tree.xml''' or '''/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults/%gconf-tree.xml'''). | ||
Historical: [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=462810&highlight=warty-final-ubuntu.png More for Dapper...] | Historical: [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=462810&highlight=warty-final-ubuntu.png More for Dapper...] | ||
==== Change gconf values (fonts, panels etc.) ==== | ==== Change gconf values (fonts, panels etc.) ==== | ||
第101行: | 第102行: | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
where ''string'', ''yourkey'' and ''yourvalue'' must be the type, key and value that you want to change... | where ''string'', ''yourkey'' and ''yourvalue'' must be the type, key and value that you want to change... | ||
===== Making several gconf changes ===== | |||
Editing gconf by setting each value separately takes too much time. There is a better way: | |||
Make a test user and adjust the settings as you wish. Run | |||
<pre><nowiki> | |||
gconftool-2 --dump /the/settings/branch/you/need > ~/live/your-new-settings.xml | |||
sudo chown root:root ~/live/your-new-settings.xml | |||
sudo mv ~/live/your-new-settings.xml ~/live/edit/your-new-settings.xml | |||
</nowiki></pre> | |||
and then, in the chroot environment, run | |||
<pre><nowiki> | |||
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --load /your-new-settings.xml | |||
rm /your-new-settings.xml | |||
</nowiki></pre> | |||
This way you can import the whole branch, e.g. /apps/panel - all settings for Gnome's panels. | |||
==== Change default language of gfxboot ==== | ==== Change default language of gfxboot ==== | ||
This customization must be done outside the chroot. | This customization must be done outside the chroot. | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
sudo -s | sudo -s | ||
aptitude install dpkg-dev | |||
aptitude source gfxboot-theme-ubuntu gfxboot | |||
cd gfxboot-theme-ubuntu*/ | cd gfxboot-theme-ubuntu*/ | ||
make DEFAULT_LANG=fi | make DEFAULT_LANG=fi | ||
第124行: | 第139行: | ||
usermod -u 500 $hit | usermod -u 500 $hit | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
==== Miscellaneous Defaults ==== | |||
You may wish to edit the files in /etc/default to change system behavior at startup. You might also edit /etc/profile, /etc/bash.bashrc, and /etc/bash_completion to change login settings for all users on the system. You cannot directly edit defaults for the live cd user (e.g., ''casper'', ''ubuntu'', or ''user'') since that account is created at boot time. You can directly edit root's default files (/root in the chroot environment). | |||
If you wish to change the default timezone used by the live cd, run: | |||
<pre><nowiki> | |||
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata | |||
</nowiki></pre> | |||
If you have added a locale and wish to make it the default, update /etc/default/locale. You may have to compile the locale: | |||
<pre><nowiki> | |||
locale-gen new_locale | |||
update-locale LANG=new_locale LANGUAGE=new_locale LC_ALL=new_locale | |||
</nowiki></pre> | |||
These changes must be made as root in the chroot environment. | |||
=== Advanced Customizations === | === Advanced Customizations === | ||
==== Live CD Kernel ==== | ==== Live CD Kernel ==== | ||
If you want to customize further the boot process, you can change the livecd kernel, by copying the vmlinuz and initrd you want in place of the ones you find in extract-cd/casper | If you want to customize further the boot process, you can change the livecd kernel, by copying the vmlinuz and initrd you want in place of the ones you find in extract-cd/casper. | ||
i.e. | i.e. | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
sudo cp /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 extract-cd/casper/vmlinuz | sudo cp edit/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 extract-cd/casper/vmlinuz | ||
sudo cp /boot/initrd.img-2.6.15-26-k7 extract-cd/casper/initrd.gz | sudo cp edit/boot/initrd.img-2.6.15-26-k7 extract-cd/casper/initrd.gz | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
==== Boot init ==== | ==== Boot init ==== | ||
第160行: | 第187行: | ||
Be sure to remove any temporary files which are no longer needed, as space on a CD is limited. A classic example is downloaded package files, which can be cleaned out using: | Be sure to remove any temporary files which are no longer needed, as space on a CD is limited. A classic example is downloaded package files, which can be cleaned out using: | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
aptitude clean | |||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
Or delete temporary files | Or delete temporary files | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
rm -rf /tmp/* | rm -rf /tmp/* ~/.bash_history | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
Or nameserver settings | Or nameserver settings | ||
第170行: | 第197行: | ||
rm /etc/resolv.conf | rm /etc/resolv.conf | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
from within the chroot environment. | |||
now umount (unmount) special filesystems and exit chroot | now umount (unmount) special filesystems and exit chroot | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
第177行: | 第205行: | ||
sudo umount edit/dev | sudo umount edit/dev | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
Note: if "umount /proc" command fails try "umount -lf /proc" | |||
=== Putting the CD together === | === Putting the CD together === | ||
Regenerate manifest | Regenerate manifest | ||
第202行: | 第231行: | ||
exit | exit | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
(check that the files "md5sum.txt" and "./isolinux/boot.cat" do NOT appear in md5sum.txt. If they do, delete their lines) | |||
Create Iso | Create Iso | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
第212行: | 第242行: | ||
qemu -cdrom ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso -boot d -m 512 | qemu -cdrom ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso -boot d -m 512 | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
Or if you have hardware acceleration for kvm | Or if you have hardware acceleration for kvm | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
kvm -cdrom ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso -boot d -m 512 | kvm -cdrom ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso -boot d -m 512 | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
You can also test with virtualbox-ose, which is free software and available in the Ubuntu universe repository. | You can also test with virtualbox-ose, which is free software and available in the Ubuntu universe repository. | ||
==== Troubleshooting ==== | |||
Some experience problems virtualizing the iso after changing the livecd linux kernel. If you do, go click F6 when the boot screen is showing. Move the cursor between splash quite and -- and write: all_generic_ide | |||
=== Burning the image to CD === | === Burning the image to CD === | ||
Simple! Just do | Simple! Just do | ||
第222行: | 第254行: | ||
cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso | cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
=== Additional uses for the image === | |||
[[UbuntuHelp:Installation/FromUSBStick|Install|Ubuntu from a USB stick]] | |||
[[UbuntuHelp:Installation/FromImageLoadedOnHardDrive|Installation|From Image Loaded On Hard Drive]] | |||
== Comments == | == Comments == | ||
If you have any comments or questions, please feel free to add them here. | If you have any comments or questions, please feel free to add them here. | ||
第352行: | 第387行: | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
#!/bin/bash | #!/bin/bash | ||
CD="${1:-kubuntu-8. | CD="${1:-kubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso}" ; shift | ||
# exit after any error: | # exit after any error: | ||
set -e | set -e | ||
第456行: | 第491行: | ||
This way you can import the whole branch, e.g. /apps/panel - all settings for Gnome's panels. | This way you can import the whole branch, e.g. /apps/panel - all settings for Gnome's panels. | ||
---Jacob Popov | ---Jacob Popov | ||
ubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso | |||
---- | |||
Is there no way to copy the user's gconf-values to the default gconf-values in the chrooted environment? This would be a lot easier than writing commands. | |||
---- | |||
It took me a long time to find the details for configuring a static IP on the live CD without doing it in the root file system. This enables you to create a few boot options with different static details and a DHCP on but all from the same rootfs. | |||
There is a casper parameter which is in the form: | |||
ip=IFACE,ADDRESS,NETMASK,GATEWAY[[UbuntuHelp:IFACE,ADDRESS,NETMASK,GATEWAY]]* | |||
--silid | |||
---- | |||
---- | |||
[[UbuntuHelp:"Creating a static pre-configured IP on a LiveCD"|http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=839670]] | |||
I think I have discovered how to do this: | |||
1) Edit accordingly /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/casper-bottom/23networking | |||
2) Run update-initramfs -u -k $version | |||
- Robert | |||
In order to get the livecd to boot from a static address found in the /etc/network/interfaces file. | |||
I edit the /etc/network/interfaces file and add a static address for the interface eth0. | |||
<pre><nowiki> | |||
auto eth0 | |||
iface eth0 inet static | |||
address 10.xxx.xxx.xxx | |||
netmask 255.255.255.0 | |||
gateway 10.xxx.xxx.1 | |||
</nowiki></pre> | |||
edit somepath/isolinux/text.cfg | |||
add ip=frommedia after splash | |||
<pre><nowiki> | |||
label live | |||
menu label ^Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer | |||
kernel /casper/vmlinuz | |||
append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.gz quiet splash ip=frommedia -- | |||
</nowiki></pre> | |||
This was a little hard to find. Thanks Robert | |||
Nicholas A. Schembi | |||
Pittsburgh PA USA | |||
---- | |||
I've tried installing adobe flash player but while it installs fine on chroot, and then shows as installed when booting from CD. Firefox thinks it is not installed and I need to install it manually. Anybody come upon a similar problem | |||
[[category:UbuntuHelp]] | [[category:UbuntuHelp]] |
2009年5月12日 (二) 17:44的版本
文章出处: |
{{#if: | {{{2}}} | https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomization }} |
点击翻译: |
English {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/af | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|Afrikaans| [[::LiveCDCustomization/af|Afrikaans]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/ar | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|العربية| [[::LiveCDCustomization/ar|العربية]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/az | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|azərbaycanca| [[::LiveCDCustomization/az|azərbaycanca]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/bcc | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|جهلسری بلوچی| [[::LiveCDCustomization/bcc|جهلسری بلوچی]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/bg | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|български| [[::LiveCDCustomization/bg|български]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/br | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|brezhoneg| [[::LiveCDCustomization/br|brezhoneg]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/ca | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|català| [[::LiveCDCustomization/ca|català]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/cs | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|čeština| [[::LiveCDCustomization/cs|čeština]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/de | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|Deutsch| [[::LiveCDCustomization/de|Deutsch]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/el | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|Ελληνικά| [[::LiveCDCustomization/el|Ελληνικά]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/es | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|español| [[::LiveCDCustomization/es|español]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/fa | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|فارسی| [[::LiveCDCustomization/fa|فارسی]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/fi | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|suomi| [[::LiveCDCustomization/fi|suomi]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/fr | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|français| [[::LiveCDCustomization/fr|français]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/gu | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|ગુજરાતી| [[::LiveCDCustomization/gu|ગુજરાતી]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/he | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|עברית| [[::LiveCDCustomization/he|עברית]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/hu | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|magyar| [[::LiveCDCustomization/hu|magyar]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/id | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|Bahasa Indonesia| [[::LiveCDCustomization/id|Bahasa Indonesia]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/it | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|italiano| [[::LiveCDCustomization/it|italiano]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/ja | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|日本語| [[::LiveCDCustomization/ja|日本語]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/ko | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|한국어| [[::LiveCDCustomization/ko|한국어]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/ksh | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|Ripoarisch| [[::LiveCDCustomization/ksh|Ripoarisch]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/mr | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|मराठी| [[::LiveCDCustomization/mr|मराठी]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/ms | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|Bahasa Melayu| [[::LiveCDCustomization/ms|Bahasa Melayu]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/nl | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|Nederlands| [[::LiveCDCustomization/nl|Nederlands]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/no | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|norsk| [[::LiveCDCustomization/no|norsk]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/oc | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|occitan| [[::LiveCDCustomization/oc|occitan]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/pl | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|polski| [[::LiveCDCustomization/pl|polski]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/pt | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|português| [[::LiveCDCustomization/pt|português]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/ro | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|română| [[::LiveCDCustomization/ro|română]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/ru | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|русский| [[::LiveCDCustomization/ru|русский]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/si | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|සිංහල| [[::LiveCDCustomization/si|සිංහල]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/sq | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|shqip| [[::LiveCDCustomization/sq|shqip]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/sr | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|српски / srpski| [[::LiveCDCustomization/sr|српски / srpski]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/sv | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|svenska| [[::LiveCDCustomization/sv|svenska]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/th | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|ไทย| [[::LiveCDCustomization/th|ไทย]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/tr | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|Türkçe| [[::LiveCDCustomization/tr|Türkçe]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/vi | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|Tiếng Việt| [[::LiveCDCustomization/vi|Tiếng Việt]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/yue | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|粵語| [[::LiveCDCustomization/yue|粵語]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/zh | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|中文| [[::LiveCDCustomization/zh|中文]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/zh-hans | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|中文(简体)| [[::LiveCDCustomization/zh-hans|中文(简体)]]}}|}} {{#ifexist: {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization | {{#if: | :}}LiveCDCustomization}}/zh-hant | • {{#if: UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|中文(繁體)| [[::LiveCDCustomization/zh-hant|中文(繁體)]]}}|}} |
{{#ifeq:UbuntuHelp:LiveCDCustomization|:LiveCDCustomization|请不要直接编辑翻译本页,本页将定期与来源同步。}} |
{{#ifexist: :LiveCDCustomization/zh | | {{#ifexist: LiveCDCustomization/zh | | {{#ifeq: {{#titleparts:LiveCDCustomization|1|-1|}} | zh | | }} }} }} {{#ifeq: {{#titleparts:LiveCDCustomization|1|-1|}} | zh | | }}
How to Customize the Ubuntu Desktop CD
You may wish to customize the Ubuntu Desktop (live) CD to:
- make your own Linux / Ubuntu distribution
- show off a particular application
- localize to a certain language
- remove software packages
- add software packages
- update software packages
- change system defaults (theme, icons, desktop background, panels, browser homepage, etc)
This guide is for the Desktop/Live CD; there is another page referring to customization of the Alternative Install or Server Install CD.
System Requirements
- At least 3-5 GB of free space
- At least 512 MB RAM and 1 GB swap (recommended)
- `squashfs-tools`
- `genisoimage`, which provides `mkisofs`
- An Ubuntu kernel with `squashfs` support (present in Ubuntu 6.06 and later)
- QEMU/KVM, VirtualBox or VMware for testing (optional)
The Process
First, make sure that you have installed the needed tools
sudo aptitude install squashfs-tools genisoimage
Load the squashfs module
sudo modprobe squashfs
You need to download an official Desktop CD from http://releases.ubuntu.com/ Note: the example shown here uses the ubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso Desktop CD Move or copy it into an empty directory
mkdir ~/live mv ubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso ~/live cd ~/live
Extracting the CD contents
Mount the Desktop .iso
mkdir mnt sudo mount -o loop ubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso mnt
Extract .iso contents into dir 'extract-cd'
mkdir extract-cd rsync --exclude=/casper/filesystem.squashfs -a mnt/ extract-cd
Extracting the Desktop system
Mount the squashfs filesystem
mkdir squashfs sudo mount -t squashfs -o loop mnt/casper/filesystem.squashfs squashfs
Extract squashfs contents into dir 'edit'
mkdir edit sudo cp -a squashfs/* edit/
Prepare and chroot
If you need the network connection within chroot
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf edit/etc/
Depending on your configuration, you may also need to copy the hosts file
sudo cp /etc/hosts edit/etc/
sudo mount --bind /dev/ edit/dev sudo chroot edit mount -t proc none /proc mount -t sysfs none /sys
(these mount important directories of your host system - if you later decide to delete the edit/ directory, then make sure to unmount before doing so, otherwise your host system will become unusable at least temporarily until reboot) To avoid locale issues and in order to import GPG keys
export HOME=/root export LC_ALL=C
Customizations
Apt-get
To view installed packages by size
dpkg-query -W --showformat='${Installed-Size} ${Package}\n' | sort -nr | less
When you want to remove packages remember to use purge
aptitude purge package-name
Custom Background for GNOME
Generally background files are located in /usr/share/backgrounds. Copy your png file there, adjust owner and file access, and edit the files:
- /usr/share/gnome-background-properties/ubuntu-wallpapers.xml and
- /usr/share/gconf/defaults/16_ubuntu-artwork or other files in the same directory. by changing the string /usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png to point to your file
Eventually change or add attributes to other configuration files such as: /var/lib/gconf/debian.defaults/%gconf-tree.xml or /etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults/%gconf-tree.xml). Historical: More for Dapper...
Change gconf values (fonts, panels etc.)
To make any change on the gconf attributes you must add the value that you want in the file /etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults/%gconf-tree.xml. Adding a value in that file will change the default values of Gnome or other applications, so you can change fonts, backgrounds, themes, cursors etc. Instead of editing the file with gedit or another text editor, you can use the gconftool-2, under the chroot environment, running the following line:
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --type string --set yourkey "yourvalue"
where string, yourkey and yourvalue must be the type, key and value that you want to change...
Making several gconf changes
Editing gconf by setting each value separately takes too much time. There is a better way: Make a test user and adjust the settings as you wish. Run
gconftool-2 --dump /the/settings/branch/you/need > ~/live/your-new-settings.xml sudo chown root:root ~/live/your-new-settings.xml sudo mv ~/live/your-new-settings.xml ~/live/edit/your-new-settings.xml
and then, in the chroot environment, run
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --load /your-new-settings.xml rm /your-new-settings.xml
This way you can import the whole branch, e.g. /apps/panel - all settings for Gnome's panels.
Change default language of gfxboot
This customization must be done outside the chroot.
sudo -s aptitude install dpkg-dev aptitude source gfxboot-theme-ubuntu gfxboot cd gfxboot-theme-ubuntu*/ make DEFAULT_LANG=fi sudo cp -af boot/* ../extract-cd/isolinux/ exit
Change "fi" to your preferred locale. Note that this does not change which languages are available in the F2 menu. For more info about gfxboot customization, see Ubuntu Customization Kit.
- A other way to change the default language of gfxboot without rebuild the packages is to create a file name lang in the isolinux directory containing your locale's name.
Customization limits
After customization make sure that there are no users with an UID >= 1000. Otherwise your image won't boot because no initial user is available (see /usr/lib/user-setup/functions.sh and /usr/lib/user-setup/user-setup-apply). While in chroot:
grep '^[^:]*:[^:]*:[1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]:' /etc/passwd grep '^[^:]*:[^:]*:[12][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]:' /etc/passwd
If you get any hits, try changing the uid:
usermod -u 500 $hit
Miscellaneous Defaults
You may wish to edit the files in /etc/default to change system behavior at startup. You might also edit /etc/profile, /etc/bash.bashrc, and /etc/bash_completion to change login settings for all users on the system. You cannot directly edit defaults for the live cd user (e.g., casper, ubuntu, or user) since that account is created at boot time. You can directly edit root's default files (/root in the chroot environment). If you wish to change the default timezone used by the live cd, run:
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
If you have added a locale and wish to make it the default, update /etc/default/locale. You may have to compile the locale:
locale-gen new_locale update-locale LANG=new_locale LANGUAGE=new_locale LC_ALL=new_locale
These changes must be made as root in the chroot environment.
Advanced Customizations
Live CD Kernel
If you want to customize further the boot process, you can change the livecd kernel, by copying the vmlinuz and initrd you want in place of the ones you find in extract-cd/casper. i.e.
sudo cp edit/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.15-26-k7 extract-cd/casper/vmlinuz sudo cp edit/boot/initrd.img-2.6.15-26-k7 extract-cd/casper/initrd.gz
Boot init
You have to edit the files in edit/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/casper-bottom/* For example you can change the hostname or the livecd user. i.e.
sudo nano edit/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/casper
and edit the username or hostname
sudo nano edit/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/casper-bottom/10adduser
to edit even the livecd user's password. P.S. in order to obtain an encrypted password, you have to use the mkpasswd program that's shipped with whois package!
Rebuilding initrd
After you've modified the kernel, init scripts or added new kernel modules, you need to rebuild the initrd.gz file and substitute it into the casper directory.
sudo chroot edit mkinitramfs -o /initrd.gz 2.6.15-26-k7
(replace the kernel version with the one that the CD will boot with - this can be found in edit/lib/modules) Exit from the chroot jail and move this file to extract-cd/casper:
exit mv edit/initrd.gz extract-cd/casper/
Cleanup
Be sure to remove any temporary files which are no longer needed, as space on a CD is limited. A classic example is downloaded package files, which can be cleaned out using:
aptitude clean
Or delete temporary files
rm -rf /tmp/* ~/.bash_history
Or nameserver settings
rm /etc/resolv.conf
from within the chroot environment. now umount (unmount) special filesystems and exit chroot
umount /proc umount /sys exit sudo umount edit/dev
Note: if "umount /proc" command fails try "umount -lf /proc"
Putting the CD together
Regenerate manifest
chmod +w extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest sudo chroot edit dpkg-query -W --showformat='${Package} ${Version}\n' > extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest sudo cp extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest-desktop sudo sed -i '/ubiquity/d' extract-cd/casper/filesystem.manifest-desktop
Compress filesystem
sudo rm extract-cd/casper/filesystem.squashfs sudo mksquashfs edit extract-cd/casper/filesystem.squashfs -nolzma
Note: The -nolzma option is only available from Hardy. Set an image name in extract-cd/README.diskdefines
sudo vim extract-cd/README.diskdefines
Remove old md5sum.txt and calculate new md5 sums
sudo -s rm extract-cd/md5sum.txt (cd extract-cd && find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 md5sum > md5sum.txt) exit
(check that the files "md5sum.txt" and "./isolinux/boot.cat" do NOT appear in md5sum.txt. If they do, delete their lines) Create Iso
cd extract-cd sudo mkisofs -D -r -V "$IMAGE_NAME" -cache-inodes -J -l -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ../ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso .
Testing the CD
Test using qemu emulator
qemu -cdrom ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso -boot d -m 512
Or if you have hardware acceleration for kvm
kvm -cdrom ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso -boot d -m 512
You can also test with virtualbox-ose, which is free software and available in the Ubuntu universe repository.
Troubleshooting
Some experience problems virtualizing the iso after changing the livecd linux kernel. If you do, go click F6 when the boot screen is showing. Move the cursor between splash quite and -- and write: all_generic_ide
Burning the image to CD
Simple! Just do
cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386-custom.iso
Additional uses for the image
Install|Ubuntu from a USB stick Installation|From Image Loaded On Hard Drive
Comments
If you have any comments or questions, please feel free to add them here.
I have created an small Customization Example (named Firebird Live CD) by adding an firebird2.1-superand flamerobin packages (this apply to ubuntu Hardy Heron also it was tested with xubuntu 8.04) http://flamerobin.blogspot.com/2008/08/creating-flamerobinfirebird-livecd-with.html
Warning: qemu did not work for me as given in the guide above. Even the normal 8.04 live cd would not boot correctly. Every time, I would get thrown into the ash shell (busybox, initramfs) and while there, a "cat /casper.log" would reveal that it was "Unable to find a medium containing a live filesystem". Just use virtualbox-ose. It actually works with virtualbox. However, after using apt-get to install virtualbox-ose, I had to run "sudo depmod" again in order for the vboxdrv module to be found by modprobe. Hope that helps! -rocketman768
Warning: Squashfs is currently in development and is thus not finalized as a format. This means you cannot assume a filesystem.squashfs created using the Ubuntu 8.10 version of makesquashfs will be compatible with the squashfs drive an older live CD. I was customizing an Ubuntu 7.10 LiveCD and when testing it always booted it an (initramfs) prompt--the squashfs was not getting mounted as /. I had to build from within an Ubuntu 7.10 chroot to get it to work. --Bob/Paul
I have created an small Customization Example (named Firebird Live CD) by adding an firebird-super-server and flamerobin packages (this apply to ubuntu dapper drake) http://flamerobin.blogspot.com/2006/05/creating-flamerobinfirebird-live-cd.html I created an updated guide with Ubuntu Festy Fawn also with an iso download for the Firebird/Flamerobin live cd http://flamerobin.blogspot.com/2007/09/creating-flamerobinfirebird-livecd-with.html
I have created tool for automatic remastering of live CD images. See http://uck.sourceforge.net/ . Features:
- GUI for simple creation of localized CDs (including changing gfxboot and installing language packs)
- Script for customization of ISO, SquashFS and initrd on live CD.
http://www.atworkonline.it/~bibe/ubuntu/custom-livecd.htm seems to have some nice info. no license that I can see so we would need to ask permission from the author to us its material.
If you want to make the CD boot faster, you might try sorting the files so that they are in the CD in the order that they are accessed: http://lichota.net/%7Ekrzysiek/projects/kubuntu/dapper-livecd-optimization/
Great How To. I am having one issue however. I would like to use custom xorg.conf and sources.list files. Any tips on doing this? Thanks.
- Simply, copy the files to edit/etc/ in the same way (and at the same time) that you copy in the resolv.conf and hosts files.
- I have found that copying xorg.conf doesn't work, as the boot-time scripts overwrite it. Besides, you can't guarantee that a particular xorg.conf will run on all hosts. I'm currently trying to get the binary NVIDIA drivers to work out of the box if an NVIDIA card is present. If I figure out how to fix the xorg.conf, I'll post it here. --JeremyVisser
I've managed to get Synaptic running from within the chroot environment, but it does hang when I try to apply packages. What you do is run "Xnest -ac :1" to get an Xnest server to run on display :1 without access control so anyone can connect to it. Then, in the chroot environment, run "export DISPLAY=:1" to get programs to use the display. Then, type "metacity &" to be able to move windows. Finally, run "synaptic". It works fine until you try to apply packages, where it hangs for me. --JeremyVisser
Shouldn't the mkinitramfs command use the casper scripts, like "mkinitramfs -o initrd.gz 2.6.15-23-386 -d /usr/share/initramfs-tools"?
There are tricks on how you can get to feel the GNOME system in your chroot environment. 1. Copy your xorg.conf in the chrooted "etc/X11/" directory.
cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf edit/etc/X11/
2. Create generic devices on your chroot system using MAKEDEV
cd /dev/ MAKEDEV generic
3. Start X or restart gdm
/etc/init.d/gdm start
Supposed you want to make modifications on the Desktop, that will be used by all the new users, just change your $HOME to /etc/skel/ and start gdm or X.
export HOME=/etc/skel/
If you want to load all the other stuff GNOME needs (i.e, dbus, avahi, network-manager), just boot as (single-user mode), and start dbus in your chrooted environment.
/etc/init.d/dbus start
An example of the whole procedure. (under single-user mode)
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf edit/etc/ sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf edit/etc/X11/ sudo chroot edit mount -o none /proc mount -o none /sys export HOME=/etc/skel/ cd /dev/ MAKEDEV generic /etc/init.d/dbus start /etc/init.d/gdm start
--- joelbryan
Hello, I am about to build a new Livecd and have a question: When I change the username, hostname and the user's password the user login automatically during booting the livesystem. But this is not desired. Is it correct, that I have to enter a password under a Desktop LiveCD when I delet the encrypted password in /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/casper-bottom/10adduser ? Thanks Changing username and password will not change login behaviour, because this is done in /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/casper-bottom/15autologin --- Alexander Hosfeld
Having trouble starting a MySQL server from within the chroot jail. Any suggestions? - Dave Hey, I am trying to make a customized live cd of Kubuntu 6.06 that will be completly preconfigured, so that when the user clicks on the install icon on KDE the installer should do everything by itself, meaning that the installer should not ask any questions to the user. To do this I am trying to write a preseed file to tell the installer the information that it needs. The problem is that even with this preseed file I could only tell the installer what is the username that it should use, the rest of the information is simply ignored by the installer. I must be doing something wrong and would appreciate any and all help given me. Thanks, Komyg PS: Should I post my preseed file here?
If the livecd is not going to be used for the purposes of installing what files can be removed? Can the "pool" files containing the .debs be removed too? - Mike
If I want to put in my LiveCD applications that aren't in the sources.list (like ooffice 2.2 or perl audio converter), what cain I do? - Isoldanne When you're in the chroot you can install applications just like you would on a live system. If you install from source you can feel free to delete the source tarbal and make folders after you do 'make install'. - Bob/Paul
To get desired /etc/X11/xorg.conf
one can modify the /usr/bin/dexconf
.
This script generates xorg.conf automatically in liveCD session
according to the booted machine.
For example:
# diff ~/bin/dexconf /usr/bin/dexconf 268,269c268 < Option "XkbLayout" "us,il" < Option "XkbOptions" "grp:alt_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll" --- > Option "XkbLayout" "$XKB_LAYOUT"
-- yotam
I cant do chroot. When i run it a get this error chroot: cannot run command `/bin/bash': No such file or directory Please help me out I had the same problem because the filesystem that I was working on was FAT32 instead of EXT2 or EXT3. Because of that, /bin/bash was not an executable I guess. If that is your case also, then please try again on a partition that is EXT2 or EXT3 (the Linux type of partition). Good luck, --vvim
Hi, I've created a simple script to ease remastering the Kubuntu Live CD. It uses aufs to avoid copying all the files back and forth. Maybe it will be usefull to others too. The script must be run as root.
#!/bin/bash CD="${1:-kubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso}" ; shift # exit after any error: set -e which mkisofs mksquashfs tempfile sed WDIR=`mktemp -d $PWD/kubuntu-remastered.XXXXXXXXXX` ISO="$WDIR/${CD##*/}" ISO="${ISO%.iso}-remastered-KDM.iso" EXIT="" function addExit { EXIT="$@ ; $EXIT" trap "$EXIT" EXIT HUP TERM INT QUIT } function mnt { local margs="$1" ; shift local mp="$WDIR/$1" for D in "$@" ; do mkdir -v -p "$WDIR/$D" done mount -v $margs "$mp" addExit "umount -v $mp" } # mount the CD image mnt "-t auto $CD -o loop,ro" cd # mount compressed filesystem mnt "-t squashfs $WDIR/cd/casper/filesystem.squashfs -o ro,loop" sq # create joined writable filesystem for the new CD mnt "-t aufs -o br:$WDIR/cd-w=rw:$WDIR/cd=ro none" cd-u cd-w # create joined writable filesystem for the new compressed squashfs filesystem mnt "-t aufs -o br:$WDIR/sq-w=rw:$WDIR/sq=ro none" sq-u sq-w echo ">>> Updating CD content" ( cd sq-u # DO YOUR CUSTOMIZATION STUFF HERE, CHROOT, MODIFY FILES, ETC. # ... # ... ) echo ">>> Compressing filesystem" mksquashfs $WDIR/sq-u/ $WDIR/cd-u/casper/filesystem.squashfs -noappend echo ">>> Recomputing MD5 sums" ( cd $WDIR/cd-u && find . -type f -not -name md5sum.txt -not -path '*/isolinux/*' -print0 | xargs -0 -- md5sum > md5sum.txt ) echo ">>> Creating ISO image $ISO" mkisofs \ -V "Custom KUbuntu Live CD" \ -r -cache-inodes -J -l \ -b isolinux/isolinux.bin \ -c isolinux/boot.cat \ -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table \ -o "$ISO" \ $WDIR/cd-u # The trap ... callbacks will unmount everything.
--- Petr Pudlak
I need to know how to configure the live cd so that it does not use SWAP! Please help me! -- iceman
Hi, I've been experiencing problems with aptitude and I'm pretty sure its because I'm doing all this stuff on NTFS partition (according to this thread http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=521905). But I have no other choice,coz' I've got less then 1,7GB on my ext3 partition. Any suggestion ? THX Error messages I've been getting, when trying to install or update aptitude: "E: Couldn't make mmap of 25165824 bytes - mmap (19 No such device) W: Unable to munmap E: The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened." -heethen (heethen at centrum dot cz)
I would suggest creating an ext3 filesystem within your NTFS partition. To create the file, type dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/hda1/workspace.img bs=1024 count=$((1024*1024*15)) Where I assumed your NTFS partition was on hda1, and you wanted to call the new filesystem workspace.img (it's really just a file within NTFS), and that you wanted 15Gb of room to work. (You don't need that much, but with 15Gb you should have plenty of room.) Then you format the new filesystem with the command sudo /sbin/mkfs.ext3 /mnt/hda1/workspace.img then create a mountpoint sudo mkdir /mnt/workspace then mount the new filesystem sudo mount -o loop /mnt/hda1/workspace.img /mnt/workspace You can then use as much space on the NTFS partition as you want, and have all the benefits of ext3 (like getting the *** thing to work). --Tom
Editing gconf by setting each value separately takes too much time. There is a better way: Make a test user and adjust the settings as you wish. Run
gconftool-2 --dump /the/settings/branch/you/need > ~/live/your-new-settings.xml sudo chown root:root ~/live/your-new-settings.xml sudo mv ~/live/your-new-settings.xml ~/live/edit/your-new-settings.xml
and then, in the chroot environment, run
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --load /your-new-settings.xml rm /your-new-settings.xml
This way you can import the whole branch, e.g. /apps/panel - all settings for Gnome's panels. ---Jacob Popov ubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso
Is there no way to copy the user's gconf-values to the default gconf-values in the chrooted environment? This would be a lot easier than writing commands.
It took me a long time to find the details for configuring a static IP on the live CD without doing it in the root file system. This enables you to create a few boot options with different static details and a DHCP on but all from the same rootfs. There is a casper parameter which is in the form: ip=IFACE,ADDRESS,NETMASK,GATEWAYUbuntuHelp:IFACE,ADDRESS,NETMASK,GATEWAY* --silid
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=839670 I think I have discovered how to do this: 1) Edit accordingly /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/casper-bottom/23networking 2) Run update-initramfs -u -k $version - Robert In order to get the livecd to boot from a static address found in the /etc/network/interfaces file. I edit the /etc/network/interfaces file and add a static address for the interface eth0.
auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 10.xxx.xxx.xxx netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 10.xxx.xxx.1
edit somepath/isolinux/text.cfg add ip=frommedia after splash
label live menu label ^Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer kernel /casper/vmlinuz append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.gz quiet splash ip=frommedia --
This was a little hard to find. Thanks Robert Nicholas A. Schembi Pittsburgh PA USA
I've tried installing adobe flash player but while it installs fine on chroot, and then shows as installed when booting from CD. Firefox thinks it is not installed and I need to install it manually. Anybody come upon a similar problem