特殊:Badtitle/NS100:AddingProgramToSessionStartup：修订间差异

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{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:AddingProgramToSessionStartup}}
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:AddingProgramToSessionStartup}}
There are two ways to get Ubuntu to load applications automatically each time you start up:
There are two ways to get Ubuntu to load applications automatically each time you start up:
# Save your session when you log off, and the applications will be restarted when you sign back on.
<ol><li>Save your session when you log off, and the applications will be restarted when you sign back on.
# Configure Ubuntu to run an application every time you sign on.
</li><li>Configure Ubuntu to run an application every time you sign on.</li></ol>
=== Session Preferences Dialogue ===
 
=== Session Preferences Dialog ===
Each time you log on to Ubuntu you are creating a "session."  To customize your session, you have to modify the session settings. To do this go to (dependent on Ubuntu version) either of:
* '''System > Preferences > Sessions'''
* '''System > Preferences > Startup Applications'''
Ubuntu opens a dialog box that allows you to configure your session settings.
In Ubuntu 8.04 there are three tabs:  "Session Options", "Current Sessions" and "Startup Programs".  In Ubuntu 9.04 there are just two tabs: "Startup Programs"; "Options".
{|border="1" cellspacing="0"
{|border="1" cellspacing="0"
|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/[[UbuntuHelp:AddingProgramToSessionStartup]]??action=AttachFile&do=get&target=Screenshot-Sessions.png%7C%
|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AddingProgramToSessionStartup?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=sessions.png
|}
|}
Each time you logon to Ubuntu you are creating a "session."  To customize your session, you have to modify the session settings. To do this go to:
=== Startup Programs ===
* '''System > Preferences > Sessions'''
This tab allows you to specify any applications that you want to run each time you begin a session. An example of such an application would be the network-manager applet (nm-applet), which allows easier access to wireless networks.  
Ubuntu opens a dialog box that allows you to configure your session settings.  In Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger) there are three tabs:  "Session Options", "Current Sessions" and "Startup Programs".
=== ADD ===
=== Session Options ===
To add an applications click the "Add" button and type in the command you would use to run the application. If the program is called "evolution" the command would be evolution, but there are options, as well, that can be added to the command. '''(see below)'''.
This tab allows you to create mutliple custom sessions, each with its own settings. If you only need one setup, you can use the session named "Default"
{|border="1" cellspacing="0"
* "Show splash screen on login"
|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AddingProgramToSessionStartup?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=ADD.png
* "Ask on logout" -- if checked, you will be asked each time you log out whether you want to save the current configuration.
|}
* "Automatically save changes to session" -- If checked, Ubuntu will save your session at each logout and restore the same configuration when you login again. This can have unwanted side effects like restarting the program that you cannot get out of, so consider carefully what you want to achieve.
<<BR>>
=== Current Session ===
This tab shows the processes that are currently running.
=== Startup Applications ===
This tab allows you to specify any applications that you want to run each time you begin a session, as well as the priority or ordering of these startup applications. An example of such an application would be the network-manager applet (nm-applet), which allows easier access to wireless networks.  
To add an applications click the "Add" button and type in the command you would use on the command line to run the application (see below). Then set the priority by adjusting the 'Order' field. Lower numbers load first, higher numbers later.
=== How to find the appropriate startup command ===
=== How to find the appropriate startup command ===
To determine the text for the startup command, you can check the 'Basic' tab of the properties for the application's icon.
As an example consider the Evolution mail client. Imagine you want to load Evolution every time you start up, instead of clicking on the "Evolution Mail" icon in the panel bar to launch the program. You can add the appropriate command to the '''Startup Programs''' tab.
As an example consider the Evolution mail client. Imagine you want to load Evolution every time you start up. Instead of clicking on the "Evolution Mail" icon in the title bar each time you start up, you can add the appropriate command to the Startup Sessions tab.
Find the icon for Evolution in the panel bar at the top of the screen. Right click on it, and select "Properties." This will bring up the "Launcher Properties" dialog box. Notice the command in the "Command field." It may be necessary to place a cursor in the field by clicking on the line. Then use the arrow key to move right, to see the entire command.
Find the icon for Evolution in the title bar at the top of the screen. Right click on it, and select 'Properties'. This will bring up the 'Launcher Properties' dialog box. The 'Basic' tab lists the appropriate command under the 'Command' field; in this case the appropriate text is:
{|border="1" cellspacing="0"
<pre><nowiki>
|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AddingProgramToSessionStartup?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=properties.png
evolution --component=mail
|}
</nowiki></pre>
In this case, the command is:
Select the text in the Command field and copy it using control-c.
'''evolution --component=mail'''
Now we want to add this to our startup applications.
Now we want to add this line as the command in the '''Add Startup Program''' dialog box. The Name Field can be any name you choose.
* Go to System > Preferences > Sessions
''To summarize:''
* Go to System > Preferences > Sessions (or Startup Applications)
* Select the "Startup Programs" tab
* Select the "Startup Programs" tab
* Click add
* Click add
* In the "Startup command" box, paste the command you copied with control-v (see above)
* Enter a name to call the application (any name will do)
* In the "Startup command box," enter the command
* Click OK (You should see your new command)
* Click OK (You should see your new command)
* Click Close
* Click Close
Test by logging on and off.
Test by restarting or logging out and back in.
=== If the application you want to add doesn't have an icon in the menu bar ===
=== If the application you want to add does not have an icon in the menu bar ===
First, locate the application in the menu structure -- ''do not select it to run'', right mouse click to get the ''context menu'' and select "Add this launcher to panel."
First, locate the application in the menu structure -- ''do not select it to run'', right mouse click to get the ''context menu'' and select "Add this launcher to panel."
This will place an icon for the application on the panel at the top of the desktop. Now you can follow the steps above to find and copy the appropriate command.
This will place an icon for the application on the panel at the top of the desktop. Now you can follow the steps above to find and copy the appropriate command.
If you wish to remove the icon from your panel after you have done this you simply right click and select 'Remove from panel'.
If you wish to remove the icon from your panel after you have done this, simply right click and select "Remove from panel."
=== To stop an application from running at startup ===
=== To stop an application from running at startup ===
If you no longer want the application to start up when you logon:
If you no longer want the application to start up when you logon:
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* Select the "Startup Programs" tab
* Select the "Startup Programs" tab
* Select the application you want to remove
* Select the application you want to remove
* Click Delete
* Click Remove
* Click Close
* Click Close
'''OR'''
* Un-check the box next to the name of the application
=== Session Options ===
{|border="1" cellspacing="0"
|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AddingProgramToSessionStartup?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=options.png
|}
This tab allows you to tell the system to remember what applications are running at logout, and start those applications at the beginning of your next login. This is accomplished by checking the box '''Automatically remember running applications when logging out.''' Similarly, clicking the '''floppy disk''' icon, tells the system to remember the applications that are currently running (if pidgin where running, for example), and to start those applications at the beginning of your next section.
=== Current Session ===
This tab shows the processes that are currently running.
=== Options ===
A simplified version of "Session Options" for 9.04; includes the '''Automatically remember running applications when logging out''' tick-box only.
=== Modifying program run options ===
=== Modifying program run options ===
Now you may wish to modify the way an application works at startup.  This is possible through command line options,  there are parts to the command line:
Now you may wish to modify the way an application works at startup.  This is possible through command line options,  there are parts to the command line:
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</nowiki></pre>
</nowiki></pre>
The first part "evolution" is the command that is running.
The first part "evolution" is the command that is running.
The second part "--component=mail" is called an option.  You can modify the way evolution starts up by changing this option.  The real trick is to findout what the command line supports.  You might try [http://www.google.com Google] to search for these options.  You can test these out on a command line:
The second part "--component=mail" is called an option.  You can modify the way evolution starts up by changing this option.  The real trick is to find out what the command line supports.  You might try [http://www.google.com Google] to search for these options.  You can test these out on a command line:
* '''Applications > Accessories > Terminal'''
* '''Applications > Accessories > Terminal'''
And try out variations first. Once you have it right then you can change the settings in startup.
And try out variations first. Once you have it right then you can change the settings in startup.
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=== Moving applications to a workspace on startup and other advanced options ===
=== Moving applications to a workspace on startup and other advanced options ===
Using the way described above, all the applications start in one workspace, maximized and so on. If you wished for example to start an application in workspace 2 minimized, you would have to do it manually - unless you install devilspie - detailed howto can be found on the forums: [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=75749t]  
Using the way described above, all the applications start in one workspace, maximized and so on. If you wished for example to start an application in workspace 2 minimized, you would have to do it manually - unless you install devilspie - detailed howto can be found on the forums: [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=75749t]  
=== Finding the right commands alternative ===
After following this tutorial i found that i didn't have a sessions tab for some reason and could not find the commands to open a couple programs. My alternative solution was to find the program under the applications drop down and right click and select "add this launcher to the desktop". then i right clicked the new desktop shortcut and copied the command field and manually added it. The browse button just wasn't doin it for me. i didn't know where to look. Being new to ubuntu and linux i never would have guessed that the command i needed to open cairo-dock was "cairo-dock -o". Afterwards i trashed the shortcut on the desktop. Hope that helps someone.
=== Comments ===
=== Comments ===
This is a very handy way to start [http://www.gdesklets.org/ gdesklet], Firestarter (firewall) or other applications automatically. Some applications will actually add themselves to your Startup Programs tab after you configure them for the first time.
This is a very handy way to start [http://www.gdesklets.de/ gdesklet], Firestarter (firewall) or other applications automatically. Some applications will actually add themselves to your Startup Programs tab after you configure them for the first time.
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[[category:CategoryDocumentation]]


[[category:UbuntuHelp]]
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]

2010年5月19日 (三) 17:16的最新版本

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{{#ifeq:UbuntuHelp:AddingProgramToSessionStartup|:AddingProgramToSessionStartup|请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。}}

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There are two ways to get Ubuntu to load applications automatically each time you start up:

  1. Save your session when you log off, and the applications will be restarted when you sign back on.
  2. Configure Ubuntu to run an application every time you sign on.

Session Preferences Dialog

Each time you log on to Ubuntu you are creating a "session." To customize your session, you have to modify the session settings. To do this go to (dependent on Ubuntu version) either of:

  • System > Preferences > Sessions
  • System > Preferences > Startup Applications

Ubuntu opens a dialog box that allows you to configure your session settings. In Ubuntu 8.04 there are three tabs: "Session Options", "Current Sessions" and "Startup Programs". In Ubuntu 9.04 there are just two tabs: "Startup Programs"; "Options".

AddingProgramToSessionStartup?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=sessions.png

Startup Programs

This tab allows you to specify any applications that you want to run each time you begin a session. An example of such an application would be the network-manager applet (nm-applet), which allows easier access to wireless networks.

ADD

To add an applications click the "Add" button and type in the command you would use to run the application. If the program is called "evolution" the command would be evolution, but there are options, as well, that can be added to the command. (see below).

AddingProgramToSessionStartup?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=ADD.png

<
>

How to find the appropriate startup command

As an example consider the Evolution mail client. Imagine you want to load Evolution every time you start up, instead of clicking on the "Evolution Mail" icon in the panel bar to launch the program. You can add the appropriate command to the Startup Programs tab. Find the icon for Evolution in the panel bar at the top of the screen. Right click on it, and select "Properties." This will bring up the "Launcher Properties" dialog box. Notice the command in the "Command field." It may be necessary to place a cursor in the field by clicking on the line. Then use the arrow key to move right, to see the entire command.

AddingProgramToSessionStartup?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=properties.png

In this case, the command is: evolution --component=mail Now we want to add this line as the command in the Add Startup Program dialog box. The Name Field can be any name you choose. To summarize:

  • Go to System > Preferences > Sessions (or Startup Applications)
  • Select the "Startup Programs" tab
  • Click add
  • Enter a name to call the application (any name will do)
  • In the "Startup command box," enter the command
  • Click OK (You should see your new command)
  • Click Close

Test by restarting or logging out and back in.

If the application you want to add does not have an icon in the menu bar

First, locate the application in the menu structure -- do not select it to run, right mouse click to get the context menu and select "Add this launcher to panel." This will place an icon for the application on the panel at the top of the desktop. Now you can follow the steps above to find and copy the appropriate command. If you wish to remove the icon from your panel after you have done this, simply right click and select "Remove from panel."

To stop an application from running at startup

If you no longer want the application to start up when you logon:

  • Go to System > Preferences > Sessions
  • Select the "Startup Programs" tab
  • Select the application you want to remove
  • Click Remove
  • Click Close

OR

  • Un-check the box next to the name of the application

Session Options

AddingProgramToSessionStartup?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=options.png

This tab allows you to tell the system to remember what applications are running at logout, and start those applications at the beginning of your next login. This is accomplished by checking the box Automatically remember running applications when logging out. Similarly, clicking the floppy disk icon, tells the system to remember the applications that are currently running (if pidgin where running, for example), and to start those applications at the beginning of your next section.

Current Session

This tab shows the processes that are currently running.

Options

A simplified version of "Session Options" for 9.04; includes the Automatically remember running applications when logging out tick-box only.

Modifying program run options

Now you may wish to modify the way an application works at startup. This is possible through command line options, there are parts to the command line: 

evolution --component=mail

The first part "evolution" is the command that is running. The second part "--component=mail" is called an option. You can modify the way evolution starts up by changing this option. The real trick is to find out what the command line supports. You might try Google to search for these options. You can test these out on a command line:

  • Applications > Accessories > Terminal

And try out variations first. Once you have it right then you can change the settings in startup. Good luck...

Moving applications to a workspace on startup and other advanced options

Using the way described above, all the applications start in one workspace, maximized and so on. If you wished for example to start an application in workspace 2 minimized, you would have to do it manually - unless you install devilspie - detailed howto can be found on the forums: [1]

Finding the right commands alternative

After following this tutorial i found that i didn't have a sessions tab for some reason and could not find the commands to open a couple programs. My alternative solution was to find the program under the applications drop down and right click and select "add this launcher to the desktop". then i right clicked the new desktop shortcut and copied the command field and manually added it. The browse button just wasn't doin it for me. i didn't know where to look. Being new to ubuntu and linux i never would have guessed that the command i needed to open cairo-dock was "cairo-dock -o". Afterwards i trashed the shortcut on the desktop. Hope that helps someone.

Comments

This is a very handy way to start gdesklet, Firestarter (firewall) or other applications automatically. Some applications will actually add themselves to your Startup Programs tab after you configure them for the first time.

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