特殊:Badtitle/NS100:KVM/Intsallation：修订间差异

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#REDIRECT [[UbuntuHelp:KVM/Installation]]
{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/KVM/Intsallation}}
{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/KVM/Intsallation}}
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:KVM/Intsallation}}
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:KVM/Intsallation}}
#title KVM Installation
== Installation ==
=== How to check if your CPU supports hardware virtualisation ===
To run KVM, you need a processor that supports virtualisation; Intel and AMD both have developed extensions for their processors, respectively INTEL-VT and AMD-V. To see if your processor supports one of these, you can run the following command:
<pre><nowiki>
egrep '(vmx|svm)' --color=always /proc/cpuinfo
</nowiki></pre>
If nothing is printed, it means that your CPU doesn't support hardware virtualisation. Otherwise, it does - but you still need to make sure that virtualisation is enabled in the BIOS.
=== Use a 64 bit kernel if you need more than 2GB RAM for your VMs ===
To serve more than 2047 MB of RAM for your VMs, you '''must''' use a 64 bit kernel (see [[UbuntuHelp:32bit_and_64bit|32bit_and_64bit]]). On a 32 bit kernel install, you'll be limited to 2GB RAM at maximum for a given VM.
To see if your processor is 64 bit, you can run the following command:
<pre><nowiki>
grep ' lm ' /proc/cpuinfo
</nowiki></pre>
If nothing is printed, it means that your CPU is not 64 bit. ''lm'' stands for Long Mode, so 64 bit CPU.
To see if your running kernel is 64 bit, just issue the following command:
<pre><nowiki>
uname -m
</nowiki></pre>
'''x86_64''' indicates a 64-bit kernel running. If you use see i386, i486, i586 or i686, you're running a 32 bit kernel.
=== Installation of KVM ===
For the following setup, we will assume that you are deploying KVM on a server, and therefore do not have any X server on the machine.
You need to install a few packages first:
<pre><nowiki>
$ sudo apt-get install kvm libvirt-bin ubuntu-vm-builder qemu bridge-utils
</nowiki></pre>
* libvirt-bin provides libvirtd which you need to administer qemu and kvm instances using libvirt
* kvm is the backend
* ubuntu-vm-builder powerful command line tool for building virtual machines
* bridge-utils provides a bridge from your network to the virtual machines
You might also want to install ''virt-viewer'', for viewing instances
'''8.10 (intrepid) Notes''':
* Two meta packages have been added: <code><nowiki>ubuntu-virt-server</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>ubuntu-virt-mgmt</nowiki></code>.  <code><nowiki>Ubuntu-virt-server</nowiki></code> installs the packages needed to setup a base virtulization host (kvm, libvirt-bin and openssh-server) and <code><nowiki>ubuntu-virt-mgmt</nowiki></code> installs what you need to administer it from a management station (virt-manager, python-vm-builder and virt-viewer). 
* <code><nowiki>ubuntu-vm-builder</nowiki></code> has been replaced by <code><nowiki>python-vm-builder</nowiki></code> ([[UbuntuHelp:JeOSVMBuilder|tutorial]]).
'''Note:'''
libdevmapper does not load its module when it is installed ([https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/vm-builder/+bug/277648 bug 277648]) , so you will either need to do a
<code><nowiki> $ sudo modprobe dm-loop </nowiki></code>
or reboot your system before being able to use it.
=== Adding Users ===
Add yourself to the ''libvirtd'' group (note that there is no need to add yourself to the ''kvm'' group):
<pre><nowiki>
$ sudo adduser `id -un` libvirtd
</nowiki></pre>
This will give you access to the system-wide libvirtd instance. This is preferable for you because it gives you access to the advanced networking options rather than simply the "userspace networking" option as you may know it from QEmu.
'''Note: You need to log out and log back in for the new group membership to take effect.'''
Note: The `id -un` command will return the current username, for example if your username is ''joe'' you will be effectively be running ''sudo adduser joe libvirtd''.
You can test if your install has been successful with the following command:
<pre><nowiki>
$ virsh -c qemu:///system list
Id Name                State
----------------------------------
$
</nowiki></pre>
If on the other hand you get something like this:
<pre><nowiki>
$ virsh -c qemu:///system list
libvir: Remote error : Permission denied
error: failed to connect to the hypervisor
$
</nowiki></pre>
Something is wrong and you probably want to fix this before you move on. The critical point here is whether or not you have write access to ''/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock''.


[[category:UbuntuHelp]]
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]

2009年11月17日 (二) 19:43的最新版本

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