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= Multimedia Players =
Most current video multimedia players play many video formats, including the Flash video .flv format.

=== MPlayer Multimedia Player ===
[http://www.mplayerhq.hu/design7/info.html Mplayer] is a video player with a wide range of formats supported (including RealMedia and Windows-codecs) and a wide variety of outputs. 
 sudo apt-get install mplayer

==== SMPlayer ====
[http://smplayer.sourceforge.net/ SMPlayer] is an enhanced frontend for MPlayer.
 sudo apt-get install smplayer

==== Dump a video stream to disc ====
You can dump a video stream to disc using Mplayer:
 mplayer -dumpstream ''streamurl''

If you don't know the exact URL of the stream you wish to save, you can discover it from the webpage it is embedded in by using the Firefox add-on [[#Unplug_Download_Management|UnPlug]]. Do not save streams that are illegal to download.

=== VLC Multimedia Player ===
[http://www.videolan.org/ VLC] is a cross-platform multimedia player that supports many formats without need for additional codecs. It can not only [http://wiki.videolan.org/Documentation:Streaming_HowTo/Receive_and_Save_a_Stream receive video streams] (also see [http://tom.zickel.org/vlcmp4/ here] to convert it to mp4), but can act as a server for video streams, as well. It is one of the only players that can view and backup almost any DVD format, no matter which copy protection is used. See [http://www.freedvdripper.net/guides/rip-dvd-convert-video-with-free-vlc-player.html these tips] for using VLC to backup/rip encrypted DVDs.
 sudo apt-get install vlc vlc-plugin-pulse

==== VLC plugins ====
There are many VLC plugins. You will likely only need to install a few of them, however, depending on your hardware and input/output configuration:
 sudo apt-get install vlc-plugin-ggi vlc-plugin-jack vlc-plugin-pulse vlc-plugin-sdl vlc-plugin-svgalib mozilla-plugin-vlc vlc-plugin-esd

<!--->
==== Playing VCD on VLC ====
How to play VCDs:
Open file, In the Open Disc dialogue, click at Disc tab and chosing VCD at disc type gives me this:
 vcdx:///dev/hdd :audio-track=0
in the advanced options /dev/hdd is my CD-ROM drive, obviously. Remove x and change that to:
 vcd:///dev/hdd :audio-track=0
<--->

=== Xine-UI Multimedia Player ===
[http://xinehq.de/ Xine UI] is a multimedia player based, of course, on the xine platform. It can also play streamed video from the Internet and supports most formats, including some uncommon ones.
  sudo apt-get install xine-ui

=== Kaffeine Video Player ===
[http://kaffeine.kde.org/ Kaffeine] is the default video player in Kubuntu. Install:
 sudo apt-get install kaffeine

=== RealPlayer 11 Multimedia Player ===
The Linux Realplayer is actually based on the open-source [https://player.helixcommunity.org/ Helix player]. Helix itself can be installed as a package easily (read [[#Helix player plug-in (automatically installs helix-player)|Helix plug-in]]) and used instead of Realplayer. These instructions are to install the proprietary version of RealPlayer only.

Download [http://www.real.com/linux Real Player official linux player]

Open a terminal and cd to the directory you have downloaded realplayer's .bin file. Then issue the following commands

 chmod +x RealPlayer11GOLD.bin
 sudo ./RealPlayer11GOLD.bin''

When it asks for installation path enter /usr/local/RealPlayer

For all other questions just choose default by pressing enter.

If you have installed mozilla-mplayer package you will need to delete the mplayer firefox plugin for real player videos. Other wise all real player files will open with mplayer. For that please do this 

 cd /usr/lib/firefox/plugins
 sudo rm mplayerplug-in-rm.*

Please remember to restart firefox and when ever you click on a real player video choose the option open with and use /usr/bin/realplay

=== Internet TV ===
==== BBC iPlayer ====
[http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/ BBC iPlayer] provides replays and downloads of BBC programs to UK residents. The BBC, however, has crippled its streams to prevent downloading and legal actions against iPlayer appear to be in progress. ([[#Save_rtmp_.2F_flv_streams|RTMPDump]] methods may be required for stream recording). To install a Flash 64-bit edition of iPlayer:
 sudo aptitude remove flashplugin-installer
 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:sevenmachines/flash
 sudo aptitude update
 sudo aptitude install flashplugin64-installer

==== Miro Player ====
[http://www.getmiro.com/ Miro Player] (formerly Democracy TV Player) is an open-source Internet TV and video player that allows you to watch Internet TV and videos. Unlike other video players, it contains a structured guide that includes more than 2500 channels, has built-in BitTorrent, and has features that can automatically save videos, such as from YouTube.
 sudo apt-get install miro

==== Myth TV ====
See [[#MythTV|MythTV]]

==== Sopcast Internet TV ====
[http://www.sopcast.org Sopcast] is an interface to play live P2P video streams through the [[#VLC Multimedia Player|VLC media player]]. Install VLC first. This is a Chinese program and most content is hosted in China and may not be legal in your area. Please consult local regulations.

You can install the SopCast Player PPA using the following commands:
  echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/jason-scheunemann/ppa/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
  sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys CD30EE56 
If you are using Karmic or later: 
 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jason-scheunemann/ppa
 sudo apt-get install sopcast-player

Run:
:Applications->Sound & Video->SopCast Player

==== Zattoo ====
[http://www.zattoo.com/ Zattoo] is a free Internet TV player that allows you to watch terrestrial television from various countries in Europe. See the [http://zattoo.com/en/download/linux Zattoo Download] page for further instructions on installation. For screenshots and an alternate installation guide, see [http://www.ubuntugeek.com/watching-live-tv-on-your-ubuntu-desktop-with-zattoo.html this UbuntuGeek guide].

*Install dependencies first:
 sudo apt-get install libgtkglext1 adobe-flashplugin

*Download the latest .deb package from [http://zattoo.com/en/download/linux Zattoo Download] page.
  wget <nowiki>http://zattoo.com/release/download.php</nowiki>

*Install the downloaded .deb package:
 sudo dpkg -i *.deb

*Run Zattoo:
::K -> Application -> Multimedia -> Zattoo Player

::Note: you have to register for a free account when the player starts.

=== Internet Radio ===
Internet radio streams through different ports, so check your firewall if you are not able to play the streams.

==== Last FM ====
[http://www.last.fm/ LastFM] is a service for sharing music recommendations and individual radio streams. It is included as an option in Amarok, or can be installed separately: 
 sudo apt-get install lastfm

==== Shoutcast Internet Radio ====
[http://classic.shoutcast.org Shoutcast] is the first and last free mp3 streaming service. Hundreds of radio streams can be played through Amarok, Audacious, or other multimedia player. Simply [[#Associate default applications|associate]] the .pls streams with your favourite player ([[#Audacious|Audacious]] or XMMS2 recommended).

==== StreamTuner Stream Directory Browser ====
[http://www.nongnu.org/streamtuner/ StreamTuner] lists streams available on the Internet through a GTK-based interface. It lists Shoutcast and Live365 streams, among others. Install:
 sudo apt-get install streamtuner

==== BBC program recording ====
*[http://linuxcentre.net/getiplayer/ get_iplayer] allows BBC streams (through their iplayer service) for UK users, as well as Hulu streams for US users, to be recorded to mp4, wav and mp3 files (depending on content). See the website for usage.
*iPlayer can be run in Wine using [http://bbciplayerlinux.sourceforge.net/index.php/Main_Page these instructions].

=== Media Centers and PVR (Personal Video Recorder)===
There are a number of open-source Media Centers for Linux, some of which include personal video recorder functions. For a full list of open-source media centers, see [http://www.telematicsfreedom.org/en/project/14/floss-media-center-state-art this guide].
 
==== MythTV ====
[http://www.mythtv.org/ MythTV] is a media center with PVR (personal video recorder) for retrieving, recording, and playing broadcast and Internet TV and other multimedia content. It has many options and plugins for expansion. To be useful, you will need a [http://www.mythtv.org/wiki/index.php/Tuner_Card compatible TV tuner card]. For setup tips, see [http://parker1.co.uk/mythtv_ubuntu.php this guide]. Install:
 sudo apt-get install mythtv

==== Mythbuntu ====
[http://www.mythbuntu.org Mythbuntu] is an integrated Ubuntu (Xubuntu) desktop optimised for MythTV usage. In can be used instead of adding MythTV to a Ubuntu desktop.

==== XBMC ====
[http://xbmc.org/ XBMC] is a free, mature, open-source cross-platform media center. It does not have a PVR capability nor as many functions as MythTV, but has a very nice interface.
*Add these [[#Add Extra Ubuntu Repositories|third party repositories]]:
 deb <nowiki>http://ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc-intrepid/ubuntu</nowiki> intrepid main
 deb-src <nowiki>http://ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc-intrepid/ubuntu</nowiki> intrepid main
*Install:
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install xbmc

==== Boxee ====
[http://www.boxee.tv/ Boxee] is an XBMC-like open source package to allow streaming video over the Internet, including from YouTube and other sites. It is a fork of XBMC, and is still in alpha development and testing stage. It is currently available for 32-bit systems only, and recommended for Hardy. A current version is anticipated soon. (Note: Boxee does not run Netflix on Linux, despite their ads). See these [http://app.boxee.tv/download download instructions].

==== Elisa ====
[http://elisa.fluendo.com/ Elisa] is a cross-platform media center that uses the Gstreamer multimedia framework. Commercial plugins are available from Fluendo. It supports PVR and Music Jukebox . Install:
 sudo apt-get install elisa

==== LinuxMCE ====
See [[#Linux MCE (Media Center Edition)|LinuxMCE]].

=== Multimedia Servers ===
==== MPD Multimedia Playing Server ====
[http://mpd.wikia.com/wiki/What_MPD_Is_and_Is_Not MPD] is a music server meant for LAN usage. It can be controlled from remote clients. It can also stream internet streams.

==== TiMidity++ MIDI Sound Server ====
[http://timidity.sourceforge.net/ TiMidity] is a MIDI software synthesizer required by several games and other MIDI-dependent applications.
 sudo apt-get install timidity

==== uShare UPnP A/V Media Server ====
[http://ushare.geexbox.org/ uShare] is a UPnP media server compatible with the Xbox360 and PS3.
 sudo apt-get install ushare

Also see: [http://ubuntuguide.org/index.php?title=How-to:_Getting_uShare_to_run_at_Startup How-to: Run uShare at Startup].